题名

台灣閩南語準句末助詞「去」的歷時語意發展

并列篇名

The Semantic Development of Taiwanese Southern Min Sentence-final Particle khi^3

DOI

10.6710/JTLL.201003_5(1).0007

作者

陳怡璇(I-Hsuan CHEN)

关键词

去 ; 語法化 ; 台灣閩南語 ; 準句末助詞 ; 動相標記 ; 主觀化 ; khi^3 ; grammaticalization ; Taiwanese Southern Min ; sentence-final particle ; phase marker ; subjectification

期刊名称

臺灣語文研究

卷期/出版年月

5卷1期(2010 / 03 / 01)

页次

129 - 144

内容语文

繁體中文

中文摘要

本文藉由比較十六世紀潮泉混合的《荔枝記》戲文與現代閩南語,觀察「去khi^3」的歷時語意發展。現代閩南語的「去」仍在發展成句末助詞的過程,尚未與原本具體語意脫離完全虛化。動詞用法的「去」是以說話者的座落為參照點,即使在虛化後的指示補語、動相標記以及準句末助詞「去」仍保有此特質。空間指示「去」以說話者為參照點的特質反映在非空間指示「去」的主觀化上。戲文中準句末助詞「去」多與被動標記合用,表達事情的不可逆與不幸,並表達說話者對事件的「遺憾、不樂見」之意。現代閩南語「去」可獨立於被動式之外,單獨使用於句尾,傳達說話者的不利蒙受。準句末助詞「去」已進入句法層次,與語態(mood)、情態詞(modal)、時貌(aspect)關係密切。每個「去」的虛化階段會有模糊地帶,不容易切割。特別當「去」置於句尾時,易模糊動相標記或助詞的界線。即使「去」的實質語意內涵逐漸淡化,但仍可從其與句子中其他元素的互動看到原本語意殘留的痕跡。

英文摘要

This paper analyzes the semantic development of TSM khi^3 'to go, to leave' by comparing its usages in 16^(th)-century SM playscripts and in modern TSM. Khi^3 has gradually evolved into a sentence-final particle, although not yet fully fledged. When khi^3 is used as a verb, it involves the subjectivity of the speaker. This feature remains essential in the different stages of grammaticalization, such as directional complement, phase marker, and sentence-final particle. In 16^(th)-century SM playscripts, sentence-final khi^3 could only occur in passive constructions. In modern SM, khi^3 can be used independently as a sentence-final particle, which implies the adversative affectedness of the speaker. The core meaning of khi^3 is spatial movement. The meanings of disappearance and irreversibility are later developments. When khi^3 occurs sentence-finally, the boundary between lexicon and syntax gets blurred. If khi^3 is used as a particle, it enters the syntactic level and interacts with moods, modals, and aspects. Although khi^3 undergoes grammaticalization, hints of its original semantic properties can still be sensed.

主题分类 人文學 > 人文學綜合
人文學 > 語言學
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被引用次数
  1. (2013)。台灣客家話動趨結構中與體貌有關的成分。語言暨語言學,14(5),837-873。
  2. (2021)。潮陽(金灶)方言的句尾“了”-從與“去了”等義互換的角度考察。中國語文通訊,100(2),165-197。