英文摘要
|
Although the senior scholars had explained about the words "Zhí" and "Gong" in Zuo Zhuan and Guo Yu, but there are still some parts are unexplained. After sorting out the word "Zhí" of these two classics, it comes out two parts of speech, one is used as noun to explain as the responsibility of a post or official position; the other is used as a verb to explain as be in charge of something. Depend on identities whether the emperor, vassals, "Qīng Dà-fū" (minister) and local government officials were granted different responsibilities. Therefore, those who were in charge of "Zhí" (affairs) had their equivalent "Guan" (official titles). The words "Zhí" & "Guan" are two sides of the same coin. Those who assigned official titles were "Fù Zhí Zhě", and those who accepted responsibilities were "Shòu Zhí Zhě"; they established relationships through oaths. Those "Shòu Zhí Zhě" practiced their responsibilities and got "Gong" (tributes). It was so-called "Zhí Gong". However, the word "Zhí" does not have the meaning of "Gong", normally "Zhí Gong" cannot be abbreviated as "Zhí", except for "Jìn" State and "Lǔ" State, and basically "Qīng" & "Dà-fū" in other states had no duty to pay "Gong" to vassals. Why the states of "Jìn" and "Lǔ" need to pay "Gong" to their monarch? It was because they divided the military and political power of the monarch so that they need to pay "Gong" to maintain the expenses.
|
参考文献
|
-
黃聖松, Sheng Sung(2021)。《左傳》、《國語》「貢」之內容析論。東華漢學,34,73-105。
連結:
-
《中國哲學書電子化計劃》網站,網址:https://ctext.org/zh。https://ctext.org/zh
-
《MBA 智庫》網站,網址:https://wiki.mbalib.com/zh-tw/%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1(2021 年 9 月 13 日上網)。
-
(1984).景印文淵閣四庫全書.臺北:臺灣商務印書館.
-
《寒泉》網站,網址:http://skqs.lib.ntnu.edu.tw/dragon/。
-
(周)管仲,黎翔鳳(校注),梁運華(整理)(2009).管子校注.北京:中華書局.
-
(唐)玄宗李隆基(注),(宋)邢昺(疏)(1993).孝經注疏.臺北:藝文印書館.
-
(唐)陸德明,黃焯(斷句)(1983).經典釋文.北京:中華書局.
-
(孫吳)韋昭, Zhao(1974).國語韋昭註.臺北=Taipei:藝文印書館=Yee Wen Publishing Company.
-
(晉)杜預(1980).春秋釋例.臺北:臺灣中華書局.
-
(晉)杜預(集解), Yu,(唐)孔穎達(正義), Yin Da(1993).春秋左傳注疏.臺北=Taipei:藝文印書館=Yee Wen Publishing Company.
-
(晉)范寧(集解),(唐)楊士勛(疏)(1993).春秋穀梁傳注疏.臺北:藝文印書館.
-
(晉)郭璞(注),(宋)邢昺(疏)(1993).爾雅注疏.臺北:藝文印書館.
-
(曹魏)王弼(注),(晉)韓康伯(注),(唐)孔穎達(正義)(1993).周易注疏.臺北:藝文印書館.
-
(曹魏)何晏(注),(宋)邢昺(疏)(1993).論語注疏.臺北:藝文印書館.
-
(清)沈欽韓(1986).春秋左氏傳補注.臺北:藝文印書館.
-
(清)洪亮吉,李解民(點校)(1987).春秋左傳詁.北京:中華書局.
-
(清)唐大沛(1969).逸周書分編句釋.臺北:臺灣學生書局.
-
(清)孫詒讓(正義),王文錦(點校),陳玉霞(點校)(1987).周禮正義.北京:中華書局.
-
(清)雷學淇(1977).竹書紀年義證.臺北:藝文印書館.
-
(清)顧棟高,吳樹平(點校),李解民(點校)(1993).春秋大事表.北京:中華書局.
-
(漢)毛亨(傳), Heng,(漢)鄭玄(箋), Xuan,(唐)孔穎達(正義), Yin Da(1993).毛詩注疏.臺北=Taipei:藝文印書館=Yee Wen Publishing Company.
-
(漢)司馬遷,(南朝宋)裴駰(集解),(唐)司馬貞(索引),(唐)張守節(正義),瀧川龜太郎(考證)(1991).史記會注考證.高雄:復文圖書出版社.
-
(漢)許慎,(清)段玉裁(注)(1994).說文解字注.臺北:黎明文化事業股份有限公司.
-
(漢)趙岐(注),(題宋)孫奭(疏)(1993).孟子注疏.臺北:藝文印書館.
-
(漢)鄭玄(注), Xuan,(唐)孔穎達(正義), Yin Da(1993).禮記注疏.臺北=Taipei:藝文印書館=Yee Wen Publishing Company.
-
(漢)鄭玄(注), Xuan,(唐)賈公彥(疏), Gong Yan(1993).周禮注疏.臺北=Taipei:藝文印書館=Yee Wen Publishing Company.
-
(漢)戴德(編),(清)王聘珍(解詁),王文錦(點校)(1987).大戴禮記解詁.臺北:漢京文化事業有限公司.
-
(題漢)孔安國(傳),(唐)孔穎達(正義)(1993).尚書注疏.臺北:藝文印書館.
-
王震中(2013).中國古代國家的起源與王權的形成.北京:中國社會科學出版社.
-
田昌五,臧知非(1996).周秦社會結構研究.西安:西北大學出版社.
-
竹添光鴻, Koko(1998).左傳會箋.臺北=Taipei:天工書局=Tian Gong Bookstore.
-
何景成(2013).西周王朝政府的行政組織與運行機制.北京:光明日報出版社.
-
佐竹靖彥(2008).殷周秦漢史學的基本問題.北京:中華書局.
-
李修松(2006).先秦史探研.合肥:安徽大學出版社.
-
李峰,吳敏娜(譯)(2010).西周的政體:中國早期的官僚制度和國家.北京:生活‧讀書‧新知三聯書店.
-
李健勝(2018).流動的權力:先秦、秦漢國家統治思想研究.北京:中國社會科學出版社.
-
沈長雲(2006).中國歷史‧先秦卷.北京:人民出版社.
-
沈斌(2019)。《周禮》九貢考辨。廣東開放大學學報,28(6),76-81。
-
金景芳(1983).中國奴隸社會史.上海:上海人民出版社.
-
晁福林(2011).春秋戰國的社會變遷.北京:商務印書館.
-
張岩(2005).從部落文明到禮樂制度.上海:上海三聯書店.
-
許兆昌(2002).夏商周簡史.福州:福建人民出版社.
-
陳克炯, Ke Jiong(2004).左傳詳解詞典.鄭州=Chengchow:中州古籍出版社=Zhongzhou Ancient Works Publishing House.
-
陳長琦(2002).中國古代國家與政治.北京:文物出版社.
-
黃聖松(2018)。《左傳》卿大夫采地屬性問題─「所有」或「佔有」之釐清。經學文獻研究集刊,上海:
-
黃懷信,張懋鎔,田旭東(1995).逸周書彙校集注.上海:上海古籍出版社.
-
楊伯峻, Bo Jun(1987).春秋左傳詞典.臺北=Taipei:漢京文化事業有限公司=Han Jing Culture Company.
-
楊伯峻, Bo Jun(2009).春秋左傳注.北京=Beijing:中華書局=Zhong Hua Book Company.
-
葉修成(2016).西周禮制與《尚書》文體研究.北京:中國社會科學出版社.
-
裘錫圭(1992).古代文史研究新探.南京:鳳凰出版社.
-
劉文強(2004).晉國伯業研究.臺北:臺灣學生書局.
-
劉玉堂(1995).楚國經濟史.武漢:湖北教育出版社.
-
蔡鋒(2004).春秋時期貴族社會生活研究.北京:中國社會科學出版社.
-
鄭學檬(2000).中國賦役制度史.上海:上海人民出版社.
-
錢玄(1996).三禮通論.南京:南京師範大學出版社.
-
錢玄,錢興奇(2014).三禮辭典.南京:鳳凰出版社.
-
韓高年(2021).禮樂制度變遷與春秋文體演變研究.北京:商務印書館.
-
瞿同祖(1984).中國封建社會.臺北:里仁書局.
-
嚴文明,李零(2006).中華文明史‧第一卷.北京:北京大學出版社.
|