| 题名 |
地方自治法規效力與自治權之行使－以2020年發生中央政府宣布開放進口含乙型受體素中的萊克多巴胺（通稱瘦肉精豬肉）爭議為例 |
| 并列篇名 |
The Validity of Autonomous Regulations and the Practice of the Autonomy-Take the Controversy over the Import of the Beta Receptor Ractopamine Announced by the Central Government in 2020 as an Example |
| DOI |
10.6737/JDP.202206_(36).04 |
| 作者 |
林昱妏(Lin, Yu-Wun) |
| 关键词 |
自治法規 ； 自治權 ； 制度性保障 ； 憲法訴訟法 ； Autonomy regulations ； autonomy ； institutional guarantees ； Constitutional Court Procedure Act |
| 期刊名称 |
發展與前瞻學報 |
| 卷期/出版年月 |
36期（2022 / 06 / 01） |
| 页次 |
77 - 100 |
| 内容语文 |
繁體中文 |
| 中文摘要 |
我國憲法第111條規定：「其事務有全國一致性者屬於中央，有全省一致之性質者屬於省，有一縣之性質者屬於縣，遇有爭議時，由立法院解決之。」即是將均權制度入憲化，而成為我國中央與地方權限劃分的依據。中央政府與地方政府對於的自治權立法及行使的爭議，也常常因中央與地方執政的政黨不同，加深府際間的芥蒂與提升事件的政治敏感性。近來，臺中市長盧秀燕與其他地方立法機關對中央政府宣布開放進口含乙型受體素中的萊克多巴胺豬肉，提出禁用該乙型受體素的立法權爭議。本文嘗試釐清中央法令與地方自治法規規內涵及效力，藉以闡明地方自治權效力與行使、中央政府與地方政府就自治分權治理分別管轄及運作。地方自治立法權的行使與運作，必須先就地方自治權的本質加以審視。司法院大法官釋字第498號確認「地方自治為憲法所保障之制度」。如今憲法法庭作成111憲判字第6號判決：「進口肉品及其產製品殘留乙型受體素之安全容許量標準，屬中央立法事項。」此重大紛擾及憲政危機終究得到平息。地方自治權之保障已為現代政治潮流與趨勢，建議應透過法律面、政治面、制度面尋求對策，將地方自治法規立法規範訂定完善，地方政府應尋求中央政府的支持與合作，達到分管共治的現代政府治理典範。 |
| 英文摘要 |
Article 111 of the Constitution: ＂Those whose affairs are consistent with the whole country belong to the central government, those with the nature of unity of the whole province belong to the province, and those with the nature of a county belong to the county. In case of disputes, they shall be resolved by the Legislative Yuan.＂ The system of equal rights was constitutionalized and became the basis for the division of power between the central and local governments. Disputes over the legislation and exercise of autonomy between the central government and local governments are often due to differences in the central and local ruling parties, deepening inter-governmental standoffs and increasing the political sensitivity of events. Recently, Taichung Mayor Lu Xiuyan with other local legislatures raised a legal conflict over the central government's announcement to open the import of beta receptor ractopamine containing pork. This article attempts to clarify the connotation and effect of central decrees and local autonomous laws and regulations, in order to clarify the effectiveness and exercise of autonomy, the separate jurisdiction and operation of the central government and local governments on the governance of autonomy and decentralization. The exercise and operation of the legislative power of autonomy must be examined the connotation of self-government power. The Judicial Yuan's Interpretation No. 498 affirmed that ＂autonomy is a system guaranteed by the Constitution＂. Now, the Constitutional Court has made the 111-year Constitutional Judgment No. 6: ＂The safety tolerance standard of beta-receptor residues in imported meat and its products is a matter of central legislation.＂ This major disturbance and constitutional crisis have finally subsided. The protection of autonomy has become a modern political trend. It is suggested that countermeasures should be sought through legal, political and institutional aspects to formulate and improve local autonomous laws and regulations. Local governments should seek the support and cooperation of the central government to achieve a model of modern government governance featuring separate management and co-governance. |
| 主题分类 |
社會科學 >
社會科學綜合 社會科學 > 社會學 |
| 参考文献 |
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