孫中山、福建船政與臺灣－兼論兩岸融合發展歷程

Dr. Sun Yat-sen, Foochow Shipbuilding, and Taiwan-A Concurrent Discussion on the Course of Cross-strait Integration Development

10.6737/JDP.202303_(39).01

鍾文博(Chung, Wen-Po)

孫中山 ； 福建船政 ； 海權思想 ； 沈葆楨 ； Dr. Sun Yat-sen ； Foochow Shipbuilding ； Maritime Power Thought ； Shen Pao-chen

發展與前瞻學報

39期（2023 / 03 / 01）

5 - 25

繁體中文;英文

福建船政學堂作為歷史上中國海軍的搖籃，為近代中國培養了最早的一批軍事人才，也代表了中國近代海軍的興起，船政學堂的許多學生畢業後直接投身軍界，而成為福建水師和北洋水師的中堅力量。孫中山與福建船政淵源極深，其一生革命事業與船政畢業生更是關係密切，他曾兩度造訪福州船政局與馬尾造船基地，稱許福建船政“足為海軍根基”，同時要「興船政以擴充海軍」，且要使中國「海軍與列強齊驅並駕，在世界稱為一等強國」，並據此提出了海軍建設應為國防之首的主張，由此可見福建船政對於孫中山的影響，而以閩系海軍為主體的護法海軍亦為孫中山的護法運動主力，為護法事業做出了極大貢獻。孫中山先生作為兩岸同胞及全球華人所共同尊崇的歷史偉人，對於凝聚全球華人的民族情感與歷史記憶具有重要的貢獻，特別是他推翻滿清、建立民國且曾經到過臺灣三次，對於臺灣近現代歷史進程影響深遠，直到現在孫中山在臺灣人民的心目中依然具有崇高的地位，對於凝聚中華民族認同具有重要的影響性。孫中山、福建船政與臺灣三者之間具有極為特殊的關聯性，有歷史的遞嬗也有思想的啟迪，有文化的傳承也有民族的認同，三者交織出的即是一部近代兩岸融合發展的歷史。

The Foochow Shipbuilding Institute, as the historical cradle of the modern Chinese navy, fostered the first generation of military talents for contemporary China and represented the rise of the modern Chinese navy. Numerous Foochow Shipbuilding Institute students joined the military immediately after graduation and became the backbone of the Navy of the Qing Empire in Foochow and the subsequent Beiyang Fleet. Dr. Sun Yat-sen had a close relationship with Foochow Shipbuilding, and Foochow alumni had an even closer relationship with his revolutionary cause. He visited the Foochow Shipbuilding Bureau and the Mawei Shipyard Base twice and stated approvingly that Foochow Shipbuilding "serves as the foundation of the navy." He also proposed that "revitalizing shipbuilding to expand the navy" would allow China's navy to be recognized as a world-class power, bringing it "neck and neck with other powers." On this basis, the proposal was made in terms of national defense that naval construction should take precedence. This demonstrates Foochow shipbuilding's evident influence on Dr. Sun Yat-sen. The Constitutional Protection Navy, with the Min (Fujian) Navy fleet as its main body, was also the primary force of Dr. Sun Yat-sen's defensive movement, making significant contributions to its cause. Dr. Sun Yat-sen had done much to unite the national sentiment and historical memory of Chinese people all over the world as a historically prominent man revered by compatriots across the straits and Chinese people throughout the world. The facts that he overthrew the Qing Dynasty, founded the Republic of China, and his three visits Taiwan three times has had a profound influence on the modern history of Taiwan. Sun Yat-sen has a profound effect on Chinese national unity and continues to enjoy a place of reverence in the hearts of Taiwanese. There is a special connection between Dr. Sun Yat-sen, the shipbuilding industry in Foochow, and Taiwan. In history, there is a gradual progression of ideas, cultural heritage, and national identity. The intertwining of the three is a contemporary account of the evolution of cross-strait integration.

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