兒童觀與兒童詩

Perceptions of Children and Children's Poetry

10.6739/ttchl.200911_(20).0004

唐秀玲(Tong Shau-ling)

兒童詩 ； 兒童本位 ； 童心 ； Children's Poetry ； Child-Orientedness ； Childlike Innocence

兒童文學學刊

20期（2009 / 11 / 01）

105 - 160

繁體中文

「兒童本位」在五四被提出至今已有八十多年，目前仍然是兒童文學其中一個討論熱點。二十一世紀初，香港語文課程改革，強調文學教學，兒童文學作品進入了語文課堂，兒童文學教學漸漸受到香港語文教育界關注，兒童文學作品也成為討論的焦點。教師和家長都在不同的場合對兒童學習的文學作品提出不同的意見，兒童卻一向少有發聲的機會。成年人對兒童和兒童文學的觀念，往往影響著兒童的文學接受。這不得不讓人再度深思「兒童本位」的意義。成年人是否該檢視一下真實的兒童是否就像自己主觀中的兒童一樣？兒童是否該與成人一樣，擁有享受文學的自由？本論文探討兒童詩作家的兒童觀和作品之間的相互關係，以及分析兒童自身的兒童詩實作，從中探索真實的兒童和成人的兒童觀存在怎樣的差異，作為「兒童本位」兒童文學的反思起點。

The notion of ＂child-orientedness＂ was raised during the May Fourth Movement. Eighty years on, it is still a notion which is hotly discussed in the area of children's literature. In Hong Kong, the Educational Reforms in the last decade have highlighted the teaching of Literature, not least Children's Literature, in the School Curriculum. Children's literary works have thus been increasingly used as teaching materials in the language classroom. While Teachers and parents have expressed their opinions on such literary works, children's own views are seldom sought. Adults seem to be superimposing their own perceptions of children and children's literature and neglecting children's own appreciation of such works. This brings us back to the notion of ＂child-orientedness＂ Should adults not reflect on whether their perceptions of children are real? Should children not be given the right and freedom to enjoy literature of their choice, as the adults do? This paper investigates the relationship between the perceptions of children of adult writers and the poems written by them. It also analyses poetry written by children, so as to explore the disparity between children themselves and the children as perceived by adult writers. With the findings we hope to revisit the notion of child-orientedness and generate useful insights on the creating as well as the teaching of children's poetry.