| 题名 |
憂患既多，形神俱瘁－歐陽脩治平四年後乞退表劄中的求退心態與病體書寫 |
| 并列篇名 |
A Multitude of Worries, Suffering in Body and Mind: On the Retreat Mentality and Written Depictions of Physical Illness in Ouyang Xiu's Biao and Zhazi (表劄) Written for his Retirement after 1067 |
| DOI |
10.29419/SICL.202202_(53).0002 |
| 作者 |
張鑫誠(Zhang, Xin Cheng) |
| 关键词 |
歐陽脩 ； 致仕 ； 治平四年 ； 表體 ； 劄子 ； Ouyang Xiu ； Retirement ； ZhiPing four years(1067) ； BIAO TI(表體) ； ZHAZI(劄子) ； Diabetes |
| 期刊名称 |
中國文學研究 |
| 卷期/出版年月 |
53期（2022 / 02 / 01） |
| 页次 |
43 - 91 |
| 内容语文 |
繁體中文 |
| 中文摘要 |
本文以歐陽脩乞退表劄中的求退心態與病體書寫為切入點，考察歐陽脩自治平四年（1067）受辱乞退，至熙寧四年（1071）在蔡州致仕，期間的艱難乞退歷程。歐陽脩乞退的外部壓力主要來源於「濮議」、「長媳案」後的輿論讒毀，以至名節受辱、身心俱瘁。而神宗即位後，歐陽脩亦不容於王安石新法，更決意求退。本文結合歐陽脩之性格與立身處世思想，探究了其乞退表劄文辭深處隱含的求退心態：（一）歐陽脩深守儒家士風，甚重名節，猥當時議，遭逢濮議、誣告二事後，選擇「惟有進退以全節」。（二）歐陽脩秉持士大夫進退，應恪守知止之觀念：「苟貪榮而不止，宜招損以自貽。」（三）歐陽脩以不碌碌素餐為素志，內向的反思意識延續到其乞退表劄之中，多吐露為由於自身能力有限且身體衰病，而難當重任的自我否定。本文還跨域結合傳統中醫與現代醫學之理論與研究成果，對歐陽脩乞退表劄中之病體書寫，進行細密的考察分析。發現治平四年後的病體書寫中，最集中書寫自身消渴、目疾日重，兼肌少之症，同時肌少、目疾、關節等疾皆可能由消渴所引起。乞退表劄亦見受時議攻擊之下，心理上「心志摧沮」的疲憊創傷書寫，以至殘年復加健忘之患。其病體書寫呈現出自身對「官益榮，任益重」，而「身益老，病益加」現實下的痛苦與憂懼，是其保全名節與不願素餐之求退心態外在層面的反映。 |
| 英文摘要 |
Using Ouyang Xiu's biao and zhazi written for retirement as its entry point, this paper examines Ouyang Xiu's difficult journey from 1067, when he was humiliated and asked for retirement, to 1071, when he retired in Caizhou. The external pressure for Ouyang Xiu's request to retire mainly came from the public criticism after the ＂Puyi＂ and the elder daughter-in-law's case, which damaged his reputation and afflicted him in both body and mind. After Emperor Shenzong (宋神宗) ascended the throne, Ouyang Xiu was not included by Wang Anshi, and was all the more determined to retire. Along with Ouyang Xiu's character and thoughts on life, this paper explores his mentality when seeking retirement in his biao and zhazi written for the purposes of retiring. (1) Ouyang Xiu adhered to the Confucian scholar-spirit, paid attention to fame, feared the public opinion at that time, and, after the ＂Puyi＂ and the elder daughter-in-law's case, intended to retire to save his reputation. (2) Ouyang Xiu upheld the idea that his career should abide by the principle of ＂enough is enough.＂ (3) Ouyang Xiu's original intention was to reject any neglect of duty. His introspection reveals itself in his writings, which often show the self-abnegation due to being unable to undertake important tasks on accounts of the limits of his ability and his failing physical health. Taking into account the theory of traditional Chinese medicine as well as the insights of modern medicine, the written description of physical ailment in Ouyang's biao and zhazi for retirement are investigated and analyzed in detail in this paper. The paper finds that Ouyang Xiu mainly wrote about his diabetes, ophthalmopathy, and sarcopenia in his writings after 1067. Meanwhile, sarcopenia, ophthalmopathy, arthritis, and other diseases may be caused by ＂xiaoke,＂ a classical Chinese medical diagnosis closely related to diabetes. In his biao and zhazi written for retirement, we often see Ouyang Xiu under the attack of public opinion, psychological exhaustion and trauma, and even suffering from amnesia. In Ouyang Xiu's writing about illness, he shows his pain and fear under the reality that ＂the more glorious one's official post, the heavier one's responsibilities＂ and ＂the older one gets, the more one suffers from illness,＂ which were external reflections of his desire to preserve his reputation, his refusal to neglect his duties, and his wish not to die. |
| 主题分类 |
人文學 >
中國文學 |
| 参考文献 |
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