內海忠司與高雄港擴建：以遷移海軍航空隊基地和建設工業地帶為中心（1935－1939）

Utsumi Chuji and Expansion of Port of Kaohsiung: Centering on the Relocation of Naval Air Force Base and Construction of Industrial Zone (1935-1939)

林丁國(Ting-Kuo Lin)

內海忠司 ； 高雄州知事 ； 高雄港 ； 海軍航空隊 ； 南進國策論 ； Utsumi Chuji ； Governor of Kaohsiung Prefecture ； Port of Kaohsiung ； Naval Air Force Base ； Southern Expansion Doctrine

高雄文獻

9卷1期（2019 / 06 / 01）

6 - 29

繁體中文

高雄港舊名打狗港，係以港口發展而成的都市，不但是臺灣第一大港，其貨物吞吐量曾經高居世界第三名。高雄從清代到日治中期以前原本位居帝國邊陲、國境之南，但自昭和以降，隨著日本軍方高唱「南進國策論」，使南向發展的策略更受重視，而高雄的地理位置和先天的港灣優勢，令其一躍成為南進政策的前線基地，也是帝國治理的重心所在，各項建設大力發展。在工業建設方面：煉油廠在戰後由中國石油公司所承接；製鋁廠即現今前鎮區著名的地標「MLD台鋁生活廣場」，伴隨工業建設的興盛發展，港口規模的擴充乃大勢所趨。內海忠司（1884－1968），京都人，1911年京都帝國大學法科畢業，1928年來臺，長達12年居留臺灣，期間先後擔任臺北州警務部長、臺南州內務部長、臺北市尹、新竹州知事等職務，1935至1939年擔任高雄州知事堪稱其個人仕途之巔峰。內海忠司在高雄州任內為發展工業和軍事設施也積極建設高雄港，而為擴展港務設施，更前往日本各主要港口參觀，例如東京、橫濱、長崎、神戶等地，實際拜訪各地港務官員，並且實地參觀考察以作施政參考。知事是日治時期最高層級的地方行政首長，由於內海氏擔任高雄州知事正是臺灣總督府致力發展工業建設和南進政策之時，故探討其與高雄港務擴充的關係，可明瞭高雄港在日治後期的發展，乃至戰後延續到今日的嬗變，做一歷史性追本溯源。

Port of Kaohsiung was called Takao Port, and Kaohsiung is a city developed based on the port. Port of Kaohsiung is not only the largest port in Taiwan, its cargo throughput was to be top 3 in the world. From the Qing Dynasty to the mid-Japanese colonial period, Kaohsiung was originally located in the edge of Empire and was the southern border. However, starting from the Showa Era, with the promotion of ＂Southern Expansion Doctrine＂ by the Japanese army, increasing attention was paid to the strategies of southern expansion. The geological location and natural harbor advantages of Kaohsiung made it the frontline base for Southern Expansion Doctrine, as well as the focus of imperial governance. With the development of various infrastructure and rise of industrial construction, the expansion of the port was inevitable. Utsumi Chuji (1884-1968) was born in Kyodo and graduated from Department of Laws, Kyoto Teikoku University in 1911. He came to Taiwan in 1928, and served as the Governor of Kaohsiung Prefecture from 1935 to 1939. During his governance in Kaohsiung, Utsumi aggressively constructed Port of Kaohsiung to develop industries and military facilities. In order to expand the port facilities, he visited the major ports in Japan, such as Tokyo, Yokohama, Nagasaki, and Kobe, as well as consulted with port officials there, to develop strategies. During the governance of Utsumi Chuji in Kaohsiung, Taiwan government was devoted to the development of industrial construction and Southern Expansion Doctrine. Therefore, the investigation on the relationship between Utsumi Chuji and expansion of Port of Kaohsiung can help understand the development of Port of Kaohsiung in the late Japanese colonial period, as well as the changes from post-war period to the present, in a retrospective manner.