英文摘要
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Wrongful convictions have great negative impacts on the victims and their family members physically, mentally, and financially. If they were ultimately punished by non-prosecution or acquitted, they should not bear all the responsibilities. Sadly, wrongful convictions often cause innocent victims to suffer damage that is difficult to recover. Wrongful conviction or imprisonment should be avoided altogether. Meanwhile, when it happens, it is necessary to assist victims to rehabilitate and provide them with necessary assistance. For anyone whose specific physical freedom subject to legitimate restrictions by the public authority and for public interest has exceeded the degree that should be endured by people under ordinary condition and constitute special personal sacrifice, there shall be the right to petition for reasonable indemnification. It means that if people need to tolerate more than others should endure because of wrongful convictions, the state should provide corresponding compensation. Regarding this part of the discussion, it has been explained by the Interpretation of No. 670 by Judicial Yuan, and the Criminal Compensation Law has been formulated to respond to it. Innocent victims are not only the subject of special sacrifices because of the public interest, but also suffered by the dangerous situation which created by the state. To exonerate the special sacrifices suffered by victims, in addition to providing cash compensation to victims, criminal compensation should accept the concept of "social rehabilitation" and develop different supporting mechanisms for those who suffered miscarriage of justice or wrongful conviction, including the areas related to economic safety, health and employment, their families included. This article tries to review the rationale of the Criminal Compensation Law based on the interpretation No. 670 of the Judicial Yuan, and to investigate the relevant provisions and the current draft amendments. Under this context, this article evacuates the inadequacies of the current legal system and composes concrete suggestion for the revision of the Criminal Compensation Law, including compensation for wrongly convicted parties and their needs in terms of work, economic security etc. This article hopes to modulate a more complete legal system of compensation for innocent victims.
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