河川洪水對士林地區淹水之影響－以社子島為例

River flooding on Shilin area inundation

林瑞國(Reui-Kuo Lin)；蔡順峯(Shun-Feng Tsai)

潰壩 ； 洪水 ； 淹水 ； 有限差分法 ； 數值地形資料（DTM） ； 都市防洪 ； dam-break ； flood ； inundation ； finite difference method ； Digital Terrain Model (DTM)

台北海洋科技大學學報

9卷1期（2017 / 11 / 01）

1 - 19

繁體中文

臺灣地處副熱帶季風區，颱風與梅雨季節的豪大雨會導致潰壩、洪水、山崩及土石流等天然災害發生，造成生命、財產等重大損失。對於國內治河防洪方面之成效，使得原位於洪患區內土地之利用獲得安全保障，大幅提昇土地之經濟效益。各項防洪措施，事實上皆只有一定之保護程度，當實際面臨超過所謂「設計洪水量」時，仍有可能發生淹水災害。本研究主要考慮都市淹水流況可透過數值模擬，利用有限差分法建立二維變量流模式，使用結構性網格模擬流域系統的可行性。利用數值地形資料（DTM）提高數值模擬結果輸出、入資料的正確性，正確模擬出模式所需資料；最後將選定因地勢低窪、易遭水患的台北士林地區（社子島為例）為模擬淹水範圍，求得淹水水深資料及範圍，提供都市防洪資訊，再配合淹水潛勢資料可作為防災計畫與應變措施訂定之依據，來測試模式對士林地區－社子島的適用性，作為流域或都市的淹水潛勢分析與防災預警之用。期望未來能擴展至更大範圍之實際潰壩與淹水問題，以供進一步研究與工程評估之參考。

Owing to geographic location of Taiwan being on subtropical monsoon zone, so typhoons and storms occur frequently. Typhoons and storms during summer and fall always cause several flooding, flood damages, and human lives loss in Taiwan. The major factors that cause flooding, landslide, and debris-flow in Taiwan are typhoons and storms of monsoon rain season. The function of hydraulic structure has its limit, it must cooperate with urban flood improvement action to mitigate flood damages. The urban flood improvement action must improve the locations of flood area, flood depth, flood duration, and calculate flood damages in the floodplain when heavy rainfall happens and effective mitigately the flood disaster loss. We present a two-dimensional unsteady flow model bases on the TVD finite difference method with structured grids in basin system. The digital terrain model (DTM) is employed to treat the input and output data for the model. The final global of this project is to simulate Shilin area and provide the most important information, including the inundation range and depth for Shilin. As an important aid to the flood improvement action review and evaluation for warming policy, and prepare step of decision. Then, we test the suitability of this model on Shilin area, and present the result and discuss. It also exhibits the potential to provide the basis for computationally efficient flood routing and warning information.

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