檔案庫房自動偵知、滅火設備設計分析曁緊急應變之探討

Exploring the Analytic Design of an Archival Repository Fire Automatic Detection and Extinguishing Systems with Emergency Responses

莊哲偉(Che-Wei Chuang)；簡賢文(Shen-Wen Chien)；黃依慧(Yi-Hui Huang)

檔案 ； 庫房 ； 消防安全設備 ； 滅火藥劑 ； 緊急應變 ； archives ； archives repository ； fire protection systems ； extinguishing agents ； emergency response

檔案季刊

6卷2期（2007 / 06 / 01）

22 - 36

繁體中文

檔案資產是先民生活的軌跡與智慧的結晶，具有其不可抹滅的價值，一旦遭受火災，所蒙受的損失不僅是重要檔管人員傷亡、檔案毀壞，其所代表的歷史與文化的傳承價值也可能隨之消逝。現代化建築物隨著科技發展與觀念技術的進步，大部份均已設置適當之消防安全設備；然而對於檔案庫房，基於國內「各類場所消防安全設備設置標準」第12條的規定，應爲乙類第4目圖書館、博物館之類似空間，究竟依法應設自動滅火設備否？或習知之自動撒水設備與海龍系統滅火藥劑、何種較能滿足各機關存放各類檔案空間之人員及檔案資料安全？衆說紛紜，因此爲釐清法定條文與防範未然，必須針對此特殊性之空間，在不損及檔案本體且兼具環保及適用性的情況下，進行消防安全設備之評估，以提升檔案資產保存之實效，更能確保以終身熱情與專業奉獻於檔案資產維護的相關人員，不受不當的滅火藥劑設計而損傷。本文即對於檔案類型之分類及典藏空間適用之滅火系統，其相關選用、設計、維護管理及緊急應變注意事項，作出論述，期望透過公開討論，以獲得較正確的資訊交流與使用。

Assets of Archives were accumulated products by ancestors' living experiences and wisdoms, value of which was never dissolved and imbedded deeply. Once a conflagration occurred, the result of blaze not only caused the personnel causality but also loss of properties and damage of archives. Moreover, historical value inside archives would be probably destroyed simultaneously. Most of modern constructions have already equipped with appropriate fire prevention equipment, which are contributed by improvements of technology development and conceptual skills. However, in accordance with the rule No. 12 of ＂Installation Standards of Fire Fighting Equipment at All Sites＂, domestic archival depositories should be categorized into No. 4 of type B, characteristics of which are similar to Libraries and museums. Whether should they be equipped with any automatic extinguisher systems or not? There are two kinds of well-known fire fighting systems, Sprinkler and Halon, we were wondering if which one will be more satisfied with archivists and conformed security requirement of records in agencies. Therefore, there are many arguments on these topics. For clarifying definition of regulations and adopting feasible precautions in advance, the evaluation standard of a fire fighting equipment that has to be ascertained the effectiveness of archives assets preservation within a dedicated repository under archival suitability and environment protection regulations. Meanwhile, it also protects those who with life-long enthusiasm devoted to preserve records assets from any hurts caused by inappropriate design of fire extinguishing agents. This paper aims to discuss the distinguishability of different fire fighting systems that dedicated to archival depositories for different types of records, including selection, acquisition, notifications in contingencies, maintenance and management of which those mentioned systems. We expected to exchange appropriate information and obtain correct concepts of usages by public discussions.

1. 簡賢文、陳俊青、樓振宇(2002)。以歷史性建築物設置的博物館之防火設計與評估。博物館學季刊
   連結：
2. Alexander G. Copping(2002).Application of a Systematic Fire Safety Evaluation Procedure in the Protection of Historic Property.Fire Protection Engineering,14,12-17.
3. ICA Committee on Disaster Prevention(1997).Guidelines on Disaster Prevention and Control in Archives.ICA Studies.
4. Kim, A.K.,Su, J.(2004).Thermal decomposition products from fire suppression with HFC-227ea in an electronic facility.Journal of Fire Protection Engineering,14,265-281.
5. National Fire Protection Association(2005).Standard on Carbon Dioxide Extinguishing Systems.NFPA.
6. National Fire Protection Association(2004).Standard on Clean Agent Fire Extinguishing Systems.NFPA.
7. National Fire Protection Association(2005).Standard for the Installation of Sprinkler Systems.NFPA.
8. National Fire Protection Association(2005).Libraries, and Places of Worship.NFPA.
9. Zhigang Liu,Andrew K. Kim(2001).A Review of Water Mist Fire Suppression Technology: Part-II-Application Studies.Journal of Fire Protection Engineering,11,16-42.
10. 黃依慧、簡賢文(2003)。圖書館火災之防護對策探討。國家圖書館館刊
11. 蔡斐文、夏滄琪(2001)。國家檔案館典藏環境及設備規範之研究。檔案管理局。
12. 鄧子正(1993)。論美術館之防火安全及管理。警學叢刊，24
13. 簡賢文(1998)。重要文物之火災防護。警專學報，2(4)
14. 簡賢文(1996)。化學系統消防安全設備。臺北:鼎茂圖書。
15. 簡賢文、溫渭洲、黃本宇(2005)。從消防安全的角度談博物館蒐藏空間規劃的問題。國立科學工藝博物館論文集

1. 許化霖(2019)。自動滅火系統應用於國家檔案庫房之初探。檔案半年刊，18(1)，130-137。