心跳率在籃球比賽的意義及應用性

Implication and Practical of Heart Rate In Basketball games

宋明律(Ming-Lu Sung)；陳雅婷(Ya-Ting Chen)；林欣仕(Hsin-Shih Lin)

最大心跳率 ； 平均心跳率 ； 訓練負荷 ； maximum heart rate ； average heart rate ； training load

高科大體育

6期（2023 / 12 / 01）

1 - 15

繁體中文;英文

心跳率會隨著運動強度上升而提高次數，因此常被使用為一種評估運動強度的工具。籃球比賽屬於長時間的高強度間歇運動，心跳率變化與適應將影響球員的運動表現；此外，在比賽中裁判的角色對於體能也是極具要求。近年來隨著運動穿戴式裝置的創新，目前已可在比賽時紀錄球員與裁判的心跳率，實際觀察籃球比賽的各項動作引發的心跳率變化，進而得到相當多實用的數據。然而，目前國內尚無研究探討籃球比賽時球員與裁判的心跳率的文獻整理與分析。因此，本研究整理相關研究，針對所得到的研究結果進行評論與建議，以期提供籃球裁判、籃球教練、體能訓練師、運動防護員等相關資訊。本研究整理的文獻發現：一、球員在籃球比賽時的最大心跳率會達到186至200 bpm，而場上的位置具有差異性存在；二、球員整場比賽的平均心跳率為85% HR_(max)以上，並且存在位置、節次、層級的差異；三、裁判的平均心跳率約為75% HR_(max)，並有節次與層級的差異。未來建議可依據心跳率的時間分佈進行訓練負荷的計算，將可量化籃球訓練與比賽的強度，評估疲勞狀況，以增進運動表現與降低運動傷害。

The heart rate would be increased in proportion to the intensity of exercise, and has be often used as a tool to assess exercise intensity. The basketball is a high-intensity intermittent team sport, and the heart rate affect sport performance at players and referees. In recent years, there is a large amount of information available for the heart rate of players and referees during the game due to the rise population of wearable devices in sport. However, there is no review article to show the heart rate in basketball players and referees in our country. Therefore, aims of this study was to classify and quantify the heart rate patterns, to help coaches and referees design effective conditioning training. The review suggested that: 1) the measured-HR_(max) (186 to 200 bpm) in players in basketball games, and there was different between positions. 2) the average heart rate (above 85% HR_(max)) in players in basketball games, and there were different between positions, periods, and levels. 3) the average heart rate (about 75% HR_(max)) in referees in basketball games, and there were different between periods and levels. In Future, we suggest to use SHRZ during training that to help players and referees simulate game situations and further to avoid injury which caused by overtraining.