Improvement of Blood Pressure, Glucose Metabolism, and Lipid Profile by the Intake of Powdered Asparagus (蘆筍 Lú Sǔn) Bottom-stems and Cladophylls

10.4103/2225-4110.119728

Mie Nishimura；Tatsuya Ohkawara；Hiroyo Kagami-Katsuyama；Hiroji Sato；Jun Nishihira

Asparagus ； Cardio-ankle vascular index ； Cladophyll ； Dyslipidemia ； Hypertension ； Hyperglycemia

Journal of Traditional and Complementary Medicine

3卷4期（2013 / 10 / 01）

250 - 255

英文

Asparagus (蘆筍 Lú Sǔn; Asparagus officinalis L.) is a common vegetable, long used as an herbal medicine. The cladophylls and bottom-stems of asparagus have various pharmacological effects, but they are generally discarded at harvesting. The present open clinical trial was performed to examine the effects of the intake of cladophylls and bottom-stems on the improvement of metabolic syndrome characterized by hypertension, hyperglycemia, and dyslipidemia. Twenty-eight healthy volunteers ingested either cladophyll or bottom-stem powder (6 g/day) daily for 10 weeks. The cladophyll intake resulted in significant reduction in the subjects' diastolic blood pressure and fasting plasma glucose (FPG), and decreased both the left cardio-ankle vascular index score and the total cholesterol level (T-CHO). The bottom-stem intake significantly reduced the subjects' systolic and diastolic blood pressure and FPG as well as T-CHO. These results suggest the possibility that asparagus cladophylls and bottom-stems differentially improve hypertension, hyperglycemia, and dyslipidemia.

1. Abete, I,Goyenechea, E,Zulet, MA,Martínez, JA(2011).Obesity and metabolic syndrome: Potential benefit from specific nutritional components.Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis,21,B1-B15.
2. Alberti, KG,Zimmet, P,Shaw, J(2006).Metabolic syndrome-a new worldwide definition. A Consensus Statement from the International Diabetes Federation.Diabet Med,23,469-480.
3. Bopana, N,Saxena, S(2007).Asparagus racemosus--Ethnopharmacological evaluation and conservation needs.J Ethnopharmacol,110,1-15.
4. Carrasco-Pozo, C,Mizgier, ML,Speisky, H,Gotteland, M(2012).Differential protective effects of quercetin, resveratrol, rutin and epigallocatechin gallate against mitochondrial dysfunction induced by indomethacin in Caco-2 cells.Chem Biol Interact,195,199-205.
5. Cherniack, EP(2011).Polyphenols: Planting the seeds of treatment for The metabolic syndrome.Nutrition,27,617-623.
6. Deli, J,Matus, Z,Tóth, G(2000).Carotenoid composition in the fruits of Asparagus officinalis.J Agric Food Chem,48,2793-2796.
7. Esposito, K,Chiodini, P,Capuano, A,Bellastella, G,Maiorino, MI,Giugliano, D(2013).Metabolic syndrome and endometrial cancer: A meta-analysis.Endocrine
8. Examination Committee of Criteria for ‘Obesity Disease’ in Japan,Japan Society for the Study of Obesity(2002).New criteria for ‘obesity disease’ in Japan.Circ J,66,987-992.
9. Ford, ES(2005).Prevalence of the metabolic syndrome defined by The International Diabetes Federation among adults in the U.S..Diabetes Care,28,2745-2749.
10. Hafizur, RM,Kabir, N,Chishti, S(2012).Asparagus officinalis extract controls blood glucose by improving insulin se-cretion and-cell function in streptozo-tocin-induced type 2 diabetic rats.Br J Nutr,108,1586-1595.
11. Javed, H,Khan, MM,Ahmad, A,Vaibhav, K,Ahmad, ME,Khan, A(2012).Rutin prevents cognitive impairments by ameliorating oxidative stress and neuroinflammation in rat model of sporadic dementia of Alzheimer type.Neuroscience,210,340-352.
12. Kadota, K,Takamura, N,Aoyagi, K,Yamasaki, H,Usa, T,Nakazato, M(2008).Availability of cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI) as a screening tool for atherosclerosis.Circ J,72,304-308.
13. Kamalakkannan, N,Prince, PS(2006).Antihyperglycaemic and Antioxidant Effect of Rutin, a polyphenolic flavonoid, in streptozotocin-induced diabetic wistar rats.Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol,98,97-103.
14. Kawano, K,Sakai, K,Sato, H,Sakamura, S(1975).A bitter principle of asparagus: Isolation and structure of furostanol saponin in asparagus storage root.Agric Biol Chem,39,1999-2002.
15. Maeda, T,Kakuta, H,Sonoda, T,Motoki, S,Ueno, R,Suzuki, T(2005).Antioxidation capacities of extracts from green, purple, and white asparagus spears related to polyphenol concentration.HortScience,40,1221-1224.
16. Matsuda, S,Aoyagi, Y(2013).Green asparagus (Asparagus officinalis) prevented hypertension by an inhibitory effect on angiotensin-converting enzyme activity in the kidney of spontaneously hypertensive rats.J Agric Food Chem,61,5520-5525.
17. Mineoka, Y,Fukui, M,Tanaka, M,Tomiyasu, K,Akabame, S,Nakano, K(2012).Relationship between cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI) and coronary artery calcification (CAC) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.Heart Vessels,27,160-165.
18. Motoki, S.(2008)。Asuparagus-no Sagyo Benri-cho。Tokyo:Nosangyoson Bunka kyokai。
19. Motoki, S.,Kitazawa, H.,Maeda, T.,Suzuki, T.,Chiji, H.,Nishihara, E.,Shinohara, Y.(2012).Effects of various asparagus production methods on rutin and protodioscin contents in spears and cladophylls.Biosci Biotechnol Biochem,76,1047-1050.
20. Panchal, SK,Poudyal, H,Arumugam, TV,Brown, L(2011).Rutin attenuates metabolic changes, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, and cardiovascular remodeling in high-carbohydrate, high-fat diet-fed rats.J Nutr,141,1062-1069.
21. Potduang, B,Meeploy, M,Giwanon, R,Benmart, Y,Kaewduang, M,Supatanakul, W(2008).Biological activities of Asparagus racemosus.Afr J Tradit Complement Alternat Med,5,230-237.
22. Rates, SM(2001).Plants as source of drugs.Toxicon,39,603-613.
23. Safar, ME,Balkau, B,Lange, C,Protogerou, AD,Czernichow, S,Blacher, J(2013).Hypertension and vascular dynamics in men and women with metabolic syndrome.J Am Coll Cardiol,61,12-19.
24. Shao, Y,Poobrasert, O,Kennelly, EJ,Chin, CK,Ho, CT,Huang, MT(1997).Steroidal saponins from Asparagus officinalis and their cytotoxic activity.Planta Med,63,258-262.
25. Tranchimand, S,Brouant, P,Iacazio, G(2010).The rutin catabolic pathway with special emphasis on quercetinase.Biodegradation,21,833-859.
26. Ueno, K,Onodera, S,Kawakami, A,Yoshida, M,Shiomi, N(2005).Molecular characterization and expression of a cDNA encoding fructan: Fructan 6G‐fructosyltransferase from asparagus (Asparagus officinalis).New Phytol,165,813-824.
27. Visavadiya, NP,Narasimhacharya, VR(2009).Asparagus root regulates cholesterol metabolism and improves antioxidant status in hypercholesteremic rats.Evid Based Complement Alternat Med,6,219-226.
28. Visioli, F(2011).Nutritional support in the pharmacological treatment of metabolic syndrome.Eur J Pharmacol,668,S43-S49.
29. Wang, M,Tadmor, Y,Wu, QL,Chin, CK,Garrison, SA,Simon, JE(2003).Quantification of protodioscin and rutin in asparagus shoots by LC/MS and HPLC methods.J Agric Food Chem,51,6132-6136.
30. Yağcı, S,Göğüş, F(2008).Response surface methodology for evaluation of physical and functional properties of extruded snack foods developed from food-by-products.J Food Engineering,86,122-132.
31. Zhao, J,Zhang, W,Zhu, X,Zhao, D,Wang, K,Wang, R(2011).The aqueous extract of Asparagus officinalis L. by-product exerts hypoglycaemic activity in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.J Sci Food Agric,91,2095-2099.