Cinnamon extract lowers glucose, insulin and cholesterol in people with elevated serum glucose

10.1016/j.jtcme.2015.03.005

Richard A. Anderson；Zhiwei Zhan；Rencai Luo；Xiuhua Guo；Qingqing Guo；Jin Zhou；Jiang Kong；Paul A. Davis；Barbara J. Stoecker

Cinnamon ； Type A procyanidin polyphenols ； Insulin sensitivity ； Glucose ； Lipids

Journal of Traditional and Complementary Medicine

6卷4期（2016 / 10 / 01）

332 - 336

英文

Cinnamon (肉桂ròu guì) has in vitro insulin potentiating activity, and proanthocyanidins from cinnamon prevent in vitro formation of advanced glycation end products. Some human studies were equivocal, but several have shown beneficial effects of cinnamon supplementation on circulating glucose, lipids, and/or insulin. This placebo-controlled double-blind trial tested the effects of a dried water extract of cinnamon (Cinnamomum cassia) on circulating glucose, lipids, insulin, and insulin resistance. Men and women from Beijing and Dalian, China, were invited to participate if they had fasting serum glucose ＞6.1 mmol/L or 2- h glucose ＞7.8 mmol/L. Participants, (173 were enrolled and 137 completed the study) were randomly assigned to receive either a spray-dried, water extract of cinnamon (CinSulin®), 250 mg/capsule, or a placebo, twice a day for two months. Mean ± SEM age of participants was 61.3 ± 0.8 years, BMI was 25.3 ± 0.3 and M/F ratio was 65/72. After 2 mo, fasting glucose decreased (p ＜ 0.001) in the cinnamon extract-supplemented group (8.85 ± 0.36 to 8.19 ± 0.29 mmol/L) compared with the placebo group (8.57 ± 0.32 to 8.44 ± 0.34 mmol/L, p = 0.45). Glucose 2 h after a 75 g carbohydrate load, fasting insulin, and HOMA-IR also decreased with cinnamon extract compared with placebo. Total and LDL-cholesterol decreased with cinnamon extract and HDL-cholesterol decreased in both the cinnamon-extract and placebo groups. In conclusion, supplementation with 500 mg of water-extract of cinnamon for two months reduced fasting insulin, glucose, total cholesterol, and LDL cholesterol and enhanced insulin sensitivity of subjects with elevated blood glucose.

1. (2013).World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki. ethical principles for medical research involving human subjects.JAMA,310,2191-2194.
2. Akilen, R,Tsiami, A,Devendra, D,Robinson, N(2010).Glycated haemoglobin and blood pressure-lowering effect of cinnamon in multi-ethnic Type 2 diabetic patients in the UK: a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind clinical trial.Diabet Med,27,1159-1167.
3. Allen, RW,Schwartzman, E,Baker, WL,Coleman, CI,Phung, OJ.(2013).Cinnamon use in type 2 diabetes: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis.Ann Fam Med,11,452-459.
4. Anderson, RA,Broadhurst, CL,Polansky, MM(2004).Isolation and characterization of polyphenol type-A polymers from cinnamon with insulin-like biological activity.J Agric Food Chem,52,65-70.
5. Beecher, GR(2003).Overview of dietary flavonoids: nomenclature, occurrence and intake.J Nutr.,133,3248S-3254S.
6. Broadhurst, CL,Polansky, MM,Anderson, RA(2000).Insulin-like biological activity of culinary and medicinal plant aqueous extracts in vitro.J Agric Food Chem,48,849-852.
7. Cao, H,Polansky, MM,Anderson, RA(2007).Cinnamon extract and polyphenols affect the expression of tristetraprolin, insulin receptor, and glucose transporter 4 in mouse 3T3-L1 adipocytes.Arch Biochem Biophys,459,214-222.
8. Cao, H,Urban, JF, Jr,Anderson, RA(2008).Cinnamon polyphenol extract affects immune responses by regulating anti- and proinflammatory and glucose transporter gene expression in mouse macrophages.J Nutr.,138,833-840.
9. Chan, JC,Zhang, Y,Ning, G(2014).Diabetes in China: a societal solution for a personal challenge.Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol,2,969-979.
10. Cheng, DM,Kuhn, P,Poulev, A,Rojo, LE,Lila, MA,Raskin, I(2012).In vivo and in vitro antidiabetic effects of aqueous cinnamon extract and cinnamon polyphenol-enhanced food matrix.Food Chem,135,2994-3002.
11. Chiasson, JL(2006).Acarbose for the prevention of diabetes, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease in subjects with impaired glucose tolerance: the Study to Prevent Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus (STOP-NIDDM) Trial.Endocr Pract,1(12 suppl),25-30.
12. Crawford, P(2009).Effectiveness of cinnamon for lowering hemoglobin A1C in patients with type 2 diabetes: a randomized, controlled trial.J Am Board Fam Med,22,507-512.
13. Dandona, P,Aljada, A,Bandyopadhyay, A(2004).Inflammation: the link between insulin resistance, obesity and diabetes.Trends Immunol,25,4-7.
14. Dandona, P,Aljada, A,Chaudhuri, A,Mohanty, P,Garg, R(2005).Metabolic syndrome: a comprehensive perspective based on interactions between obesity, diabetes, and inflammation.Circulation,111,1448-1454.
15. Davis, PA,Yokoyama, W(2011).Cinnamon intake lowers fasting blood glucose: meta-analysis.J Med Food,14,884-889.
16. DeFronzo, RA,Tripathy, D,Schwenke, DC(2011).Pioglitazone for diabetes prevention in impaired glucose tolerance.N Engl J Med.,364,1104-1115.
17. Engberg, S,Vistisen, D,Lau, C(2009).Progression to impaired glucose regulation and diabetes in the population-based Inter99 study.Diabetes Care,32,606-611.
18. Esteghamati, A,Khalilzadeh, O,Anvari, M,Ahadi, MS,Abbasi, M,Rashidi, A(2008).Metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance significantly correlate with body mass index.Arch Med Res.,39,803-808.
19. Gurnell, M,Savage, DB,Chatterjee, VK,O'Rahilly, S(2003).The metabolic syndrome: peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma and its therapeutic modulation.J Clin Endocrinol Metab,88,2412-2421.
20. Hanefeld, M,Ceriello, A,Schwarz, PE,Bornstein, SR(2006).The metabolic syndrome-a postprandial disease?.Horm Metab Res,38,435-436.
21. Hlebowicz, J,Darwiche, G,Bjorgell, O,Almer, LO(2007).Effect of cinnamon on post-prandial blood glucose, gastric emptying, and satiety in healthy subjects.Am J Clin Nutr.,85,1552-1556.
22. Hlebowicz, J,Hlebowicz, A,Lindstedt, S(2009).Effects of 1 and 3 g cinnamon on gastric emptying, satiety, and postprandial blood glucose, insulin, glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide, glucagon-like peptide 1, and ghrelin concentrations in healthy subjects.Am J Clin Nutr,89,815-821.
23. Imparl-Radosevich, J,Deas, S,Polansky, MM(1998).Regulation of PTP-1 and insulin receptor kinase by fractions from cinnamon: implications for cinnamon regulation of insulin signalling.Horm Res,50,177-182.
24. Jarvill-Taylor, KJ,Anderson, RA,Graves, DJ(2001).A hydroxychalcone derived from cinnamon functions as a mimetic for insulin in 3T3-L1 adipocytes.J Am Coll Nutr,20,327-336.
25. Khan, A,Safdar, M,Ali Khan, MM,Khattak, KN,Anderson, RA(2003).Cinnamon improves glucose and lipids of people with type 2 diabetes.Diabetes Care,26,3215-3218.
26. Kim, SH,Choung, SY(2010).Antihyperglycemic and antihyperlipidemic action of Cinnamomi Cassiae (Cinnamon bark) extract in C57BL/Ks db/db mice.Arch Pharm Res,33,325-333.
27. Knowler, WC,Barrett-Connor, E,Fowler, SE(2002).Reduction in the incidence of type 2 diabetes with lifestyle intervention or metformin.N Engl J Med.,346,393-403.
28. Leach, MJ,Kumar, S(2012).Cinnamon for diabetes mellitus.Cochrane Database Syst Rev,9,CD007170.
29. Lu, T,Sheng, H,Wu, J,Cheng, Y,Zhu, J,Chen, Y(2012).Cinnamon extract improves fasting blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin level in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes.Nutr Res,32,408-412.
30. Magistrelli, A,Chezem, JC(2012).Effect of ground cinnamon on postprandial blood glucose concentration in normal-weight and obese adults.J Acad Nutr Diet,112,1806-1809.
31. Mang, B,Wolters, M,Schmitt, B(2006).Effects of a cinnamon extract on plasma glucose, HbA, and serum lipids in diabetes mellitus type 2.Eur J Clin Invest.,36,340-344.
32. Morris, DH,Khunti, K,Achana, F(2013).Progression rates from HbA1c 6.0-6.4% and other prediabetes definitions to type 2 diabetes: a meta-analysis.Diabetologia,56,1489-1493.
33. Mueller, M,Beck, V,Jungbauer, A(2011).PPARalpha activation by culinary herbs and spices.Planta Med,77,497-504.
34. Peng, X,Cheng, KW,Ma, J(2008).Cinnamon bark proanthocyanidins as reactive carbonyl scavengers to prevent the formation of advanced glycation end-products.J Agric Food Chem,56,1907-1911.
35. Qin, B,Dawson, H,Polansky, MM,Anderson, RA(2009).Cinnamon extract attenuates TNF-alpha-induced intestinal lipoprotein ApoB48 overproduction by regulating inflammatory, insulin, and lipoprotein pathways in enterocytes.Horm Metab Res,41,516-522.
36. Qin, B,Panickar, KS,Anderson, RA(2010).Cinnamon: potential role in the prevention of insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, and type 2 diabetes.J Diabetes Sci Technol,4,685-693.
37. Rabe, K,Lehrke, M,Parhofer, KG,Broedl, UC(2008).Adipokines and insulin resistance.Mol Med,14,741-751.
38. Rao, PV,Gan, SH(2014).Cinnamon: a multifaceted medicinal plant.Evid Based Complement Alternat Med,2014,642942.
39. Roussel, AM,Hininger, I,Benaraba, R,Ziegenfuss, TN,Anderson, RA(2009).Antioxidant effects of a cinnamon extract in people with impaired fasting glucose that are overweight or obese.J Am Coll Nutr,28,16-21.
40. Solomon, TP,Blannin, AK(2007).Effects of short-term cinnamon ingestion on in vivo glucose tolerance.Diabetes Obes Metab,9,895-901.
41. Vafa, M,Mohammadi, F,Shidfar, F(2012).Effects of cinnamon consumption on glycemic status, lipid profile and body composition in type 2 diabetic patients.Int J Prev Med.,3,531-536.
42. Wallace, TM,Levy, JC,Matthews, DR(2004).Use and abuse of HOMA modeling.Diabetes Care,27,1487-1495.
43. Wu, X,Beecher, GR,Holden, JM,Haytowitz, DB,Gebhardt, SE,Prior, RL(2004).Lipophilic and hydrophilic antioxidant capacities of common foods in the United States.J Agric Food Chem,52,4026-4037.
44. Yang, W,Lu, J,Weng, J(2010).Prevalence of diabetes among men and women in China.N Engl J Med.,362,1090-1101.
45. Zhou, B(2002).Predictive values of body mass index and waist circumference to risk factors of related diseases in Chinese adult population.Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi,23,5-10.
46. Ziegenfuss, TN,Hofheins, JE,Mendel, RW,Landis, J,Anderson, RA(2006).Effects of a water-soluble cinnamon extract on body composition and features of the metabolic syndrome in pre-diabetic men and women.J Int Soc Sports Nutr,3,45-53.

1. Sanjukta Chatterji,Manjulika Yadav,Geeta Watal,Devesh Kumar Kushawaha,Amrita Kumari Srivastava(2017).Evidence based study of antidiabetic potential of C. maxima seeds - In vivo.Journal of Traditional and Complementary Medicine,7(4),466-470.
2. Shirin Niromanesh,Maryam Rafraf,Laya Farzadi,Fateme Narimani,Farideh Doostan,Azam Borzoei(2018).Effects of cinnamon supplementation on antioxidant status and serum lipids in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.Journal of Traditional and Complementary Medicine,8(1),128-133.
3. Tan Sin Yee,Soohg Wai Kit,Prashant Kesharwani,Nik Ahmad Ashraf,Manisha Pandey,Mallikarjuna Rao Pichika,Lillian Kong,Liang Yee Ern,Jessmie Koh Jing,Hira Choudhury,Chua Kui Hua,Cheah Shi Mun,Bapi Gorain(2018).An update on natural compounds in the remedy of diabetes mellitus: A systematic review.Journal of Traditional and Complementary Medicine,8(3),361-376.