養豬場廢水系統中厭氣污泥特性、微生物菌相及甲烷濃度之關聯性

Study of the relationship between the characteristics of anaerobic sludge

10.29911/JEHVACE_NEW.202101_(125).0007

吳億貞；林依杏；林振益；林彥伶；鄭羽展；徐英綺；施雅婷；李志杰

厭氣污泥 ； 甲烷菌 ； 次世代定序 ； 甲烷濃度 ； 資源永續 ； anaerobic sludge ； methanogenic bacteria ； biogas ； next generation sequencing ； resource sustainability

冷凍空調&能源科技

125期（2021 / 01 / 10）

61 - 66

繁體中文

以次世代定序法（Next generation sequencing, NGS）進行養豬場厭氣污泥菌相研究，分析具備厭氣槽體、排泥裝置及COD降解率80%以上之6場養豬場，探討厭氣污泥特性、微生物菌相及甲烷濃度關聯性。將厭氧污泥特性及沼氣中甲烷濃度範圍進行相關性分析，結果顯示，沼氣中甲烷濃度與VS及VS／TS具有中度正相關，相關係數分別為0.51及0.74。NGS菌相分析顯示6間養豬場厭氧污泥共約有400種菌，其中95%為細菌，5%為古細菌，且皆含有0.7%以上之甲烷菌群。以CCA進行厭氣污泥優勢菌群（＞1%）及環境參數相關性分析，甲烷濃度與Methanosaeta菌量具正相關，酸化水解菌Escherichia-Shigella、Acinetobacter及Comamonas則與pH值、VS／TS及ORP具有正相關性。另外水力停留時間與古細菌量、Methanosaeta屬菌量及沼氣中甲烷濃度相關性分析中，皆具有高度正相關，相關係數依序為0.72、0.74及0.69。綜上所述，厭氣污泥之VS、VS／TS、沼氣中甲烷濃度及厭氣槽水力停留時間，可作為厭氣污泥功能性之初步快篩指標。促進養豬場厭氧污泥植種再利用於工業端提升厭氧系統產氣效能，以達資源永續循環利用。

This study utilizes next generation sequencing (NGS) to analyze the microbiota of sludge seeding in 6 pig farms, explore the relationship between the characteristics of anaerobic sludge, the microbiota and the content of methane in biogas. The results show the methane content in biogas has a moderate positive correlation with VS and VS / TS, with correlation coefficients of 0.51 and 0.74, respectively. The analysis of the microbiota shows that there are about 400 species of microbiota in the anaerobic sludge in the 6 pig farms, 95% of which are bacteria, 5% of which are archaebacteria, and more than 0.7% of methane bacteria. We used the canonical correlation analysis (CCA) to detect the correlation between the selected environmental variables and the dominant bacteria (＞ 1%) of anaerobic sludge. CCA analysis showed that the methane content in biogas was positively correlated with the amount of Methanosaeta; hydrolytic acidification bacteria Escherichia-Shigella, Acinetobacter, and Comamonas have a positive correlation with VS / TS and ORP. In addition, the correlation between the hydraulic retention time and the amount of archaeal bacteria, Methanosaeta and the methane content in biogas have a high positive correlation, and the correlation coefficients are 0.72, 0.74 and 0.69. In summary, VS, VS / TS of anaerobic sludge, methane concentration in biogas, and hydraulic retention time of anaerobic tank can be used as preliminary screening parameters for the functionality of the anaerobic sludge. The functional sludge seed of pig farms can be further applied to industrial anaerobic system to improve the efficiency of wastewater systems and biogas production efficiency.

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