基於商業場域之物聯網空調控制系統

IoT Air-Conditioning Controll System Based on Business Field

陳冠文(Guan-Wen Chen)；謝佳興(Chia-Hsing Hsieh)；蔡家祥(Jia-Xiang Cai)；戴志翰(Jhih-Han Dai)

熱舒適指標 ； 最小焓差 ； 節能 ； thermal comfort index ； least enthalpy difference ； energy saving

冷凍空調&能源科技

119期（2020 / 01 / 10）

68 - 75

繁體中文;英文

近年來由於各種能源的價格不斷飆升以及政府節能減碳的政策宣導，民眾逐漸重視節約能源相關議題。根據台灣電力公司的數據，住商與服務業總用電量在2018年占了全國總用電量36%左右。其中空調是電能消耗的大宗，根據經濟部能源局的數據，小型空調設備用電量占住商與服務業總用電量約41%。若針對小型空調進行節能改善，降低20%空調耗能，每年約可節省36.2億度電。因此，如何提昇空調能源使用效率以降低能耗已成為了一個重要的課題。目前建築中的空調系統大多使用傳統空調控制邏輯調整室內的溫度，其計算方式並未引入考慮到室內濕度，可能造成能源浪費。本研究提出以ASHRAE新有效溫度（Effective Temperature, ET*）做為人體熱舒適評估指標的空調節能控制系統，透過最小焓差估測演算法（Least Enthalpy Difference, LED）改變空調設定目標溫度值，將場域溫度控制在室內熱舒適區間以達到空調最佳化節能控制的效果。

In recent years, as the rising prices of energy sources and the government's policy on energy conservation and carbon reduction are proclaimed, people have gradually paid attention to energy conservation-related issues. According to data from Taiwan Electric Power Corporation, the total electricity consumption of the residential, commercial and service industries accounted for about 36% of the country's total electricity consumption in 2018. And air conditioners are the bulk of electricity consumption. If energy-saving improvements are made for small air conditioners, reducing air-conditioning energy consumption by 20% can save approximately 3.62 billion kWh of electricity each year. Therefore, how to improve the energy efficiency of air conditioners to reduce energy consumption has become an important issue. At present, most air-conditioning systems in buildings use traditional air-conditioning control logic to adjust the indoor temperature. The calculation method does not take into account the indoor humidity, which may cause energy waste. This study proposed an air-conditioning energy-saving control system that uses new Effective Temperature (ET *) as the index of thermal comfort. The Least Enthalpy Difference (LED) algorithm is used to calculate the optimal setting temperature of the air conditioner to achieve the air-conditioning energy-saving control.

1. ASHRAE(1992).ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 55-1992, "Thermal Environmental Conditions for Human Occupancy".Atlanta:American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-conditioning Engineer Inc.
2. ASHRAE(2005).ASHRAE Handbook -Fundamentals.
3. ASHRAE(1989).ASHRAE. Energy efficient design of new buildings except now low-rise residential buildings ASHRAE/IES Standard 90, 1-1989..
4. Chamra, L. M.,Huynh, K.,Hodge, B. K.(2000).Thermal Comfort for Sedentary and Moderate Activity Levels.ASHRAE Transactions,106,428-434.
5. Fanger, P. O.(1972).Thermal Comfort.New York, NY:McGraw-Hill.
6. Henderson, H. I.,Rengarajan, K.,Shirey, D. B.(1992).The Impact of Comfort Control on Air Conditioner Energy Use in Humid Climates.ASHRAE Technical Data Bulletin,8(3),1-10.