Simultaneous Optimization of the Pressurized Independent Micro-irrigation Network System Based on Genetic Algorithm

基於遺傳算法的機壓微灌獨立管網系統同步優化

10.6937/TWC.202003/PP_68(1).0007

馬朋輝(PENG-HUI MA)；胡亞瑾(YA-JIN HU)；劉韓生(HAN-SHENG LIU)

Micro-irrigation network system ； Simultaneous optimization ； Genetic algorithm ； 微灌管網系統 ； 同步優化 ； 遺傳演算法

台灣水利

68卷1期（2020 / 03 / 01）

67 - 85

英文

Pressurized independent micro-irrigation network system is composed of subunits and main pipe network. It is of great significance to optimize the layout and pipe diameter of each pipe section for saving investment in water-saving irrigation projects. In this paper, the pressurized independent micro-irrigation network system in large irrigation area with sufficient water resources such as river water and reservoir water were taken as the research object to study the simultaneous optimization of layout and pipe diameter. The simultaneous optimization mathematical models of subunit with single lateral, subunit with paired laterals and main pipe network were established with the lowest annual total cost per unit area as the objective function under the condition that the area of pipe network is not limited. The irrigation subunit is taken as a whole to avoid artificial distribution of allowable pressure difference, and the discussion on the positions of maximum and minimum pressure in subunit under various topographic slopes is not needed. The penalty function method was used to deal with the constraint conditions, and the dual coding genetic algorithm was used for optimization calculation. The example showed that the algorithm is of good convergence and high precision on optimization problem of pressurized independent micro-irrigation network system. Subunit with paired laterals is superior to subunit with single lateral in terms of annual total cost per unit area and control area. In addition, the effects of lateral diameter and emitter discharge on the annual total cost per unit area and control area of subunits were also studied. This research result has important theoretical value and practical significance in the optimization of pressurized independent micro-irrigation network system for large irrigation area.

機壓微灌獨立管網系統由田間灌水小區及幹管管網組成，優化其佈置及各管段管徑對於節省節水灌溉工程投資具有重要的意義。本文將以河水、庫水等為水源且水量充足的大型灌區機壓微灌獨立管網系統作為研究對象，研究其佈置和管徑之同步優化設計。在不限定管網面積的情況下以單位面積年費用最低為目標函數分別建立了毛管單向佈置之灌水小區、毛管雙向佈置之灌水小區及幹管管網同步優化設計數學模型。將灌水小區作為一個整體進行研究，不再進行支、毛管間允許水頭差之分配，亦不需討論各種地形條件下灌水小區內壓力最大、最小值位置的討論。採用罰函數法處理約束條件，採用基於混合編碼之遺傳算灋進行優化計算。實例結果表明，算灋收斂性能穩定，具有較高的計算精度。雙向毛管灌水小區在單位面積年費用及控制面積兩方面均優於單向毛管灌水小區。此外，還研究了毛管管徑及灌水器流量對灌水小區單位面積年費用及控制面積之影響。研究結果對於大型灌區機壓微灌獨立管網系統及區域管網之優化設計具有一定的理論價值和實踐意義。

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