Restoration Measures for the Dry Soil Layer in the Sloped Land of Shaanxi

陝西坡地旱地土壤幹層恢復措施研究

10.6937/TWC.202103/PP_69(1).0008

何婷婷(TINGTING HE)；汪有科(YOUKE WANG)

Semi-arid ； Loess Plateau ； vegetation ； non-vegetated ； soil moisture ； dry soil layer repair ； 半乾旱 ； 黃土高原 ； 植被 ； 非植被 ； 土壤水分 ； 土壤幹層修復

台灣水利

69卷1期（2021 / 03 / 01）

107 - 117

英文

To explore the soil moisture changes under different cover measures in the loess hilly region, large-scale soil columns were established in the Mizhi Mountain area of northern Shaanxi. The columns were covered with five plantations of bluegrass, alfalfa, caragana, jujube, and locust, four non-vegetated treatments of stones, branches, white film, and black film, and bare land. A total of 10 treatments were carried out to study the annual and vertical changes of soil moisture content in each 10 m soil layer. The results showed that, of the vegetation covers, the soil moisture content was the highest in the bluegrass cover and the lowest in the locust cover. The annual soil moisture content under the non-vegetated covers was higher than that of bare land, with levels of moisture retention in the following order: white film＞black film＞stones＞branches. The soil moisture content of the 0-0.6 m soil layer changed greatly throughout the year, while it changed little in the 0.6-2.6 m soil layer. With mulching measures, the soil moisture content was highest in the 2.6-6 m soil layer. The soil moisture content was not affected by rainfall in the 6-10 m soil layer. Compared with plantations, the non-vegetated mulch had an effect on evaporation inhibition and moisture content addition, and white film had the best effect on the repair of the dry soil layer.

為探討黃土丘陵區不同覆蓋措施下土壤水分的變化，在陝北米脂山地區建立了大型土壤柱。土柱採用五種生物措施和四種非生物措施進行覆蓋處理。五種生物措施分別為早熟禾、苜蓿、檸條、棗樹和刺槐，四種非植被處理為石子、樹枝、白膜和黑膜，以裸露的土地為對照共10個處理，以研究每10 m土層中土壤水分的年變化和垂直變化。結果表明，在植被覆蓋措施中，早熟禾土壤水分含量最高，而刺槐覆蓋最低。非植被覆蓋下的處理年土壤水分含量均高於裸地，其保水能力順序為：白膜＞黑膜＞石子＞樹枝。0－0.6 m土層的土壤水分含量一年中變化很大，而0.6－2.6 m土層的土壤水分含量變化卻很小。通過覆蓋措施，在2.6－6 m的土壤層中土壤水分含量最高。6－10 m深度土層土壤水分含量不受降雨的影響。與裸地相比，非植被覆蓋能夠有效抑制蒸發和增加土壤水分蓄積，而白膜覆蓋對旱地土壤幹層的修復效果最好。

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