Moisture Transfer Modeling with Soil-Water Characteristic Curve-Based Parameters and Its Application in Estimating the Groundwater Recharge from Precipitation

基於土壤水分特徵曲線參數的水分轉移模型並應用於估算降水帶來的地下水補注

10.6937/TWC.202203_70(1).0001

NGUYEN VAN HOANG

Groundwater (GW) recharge ； Finite element (FE) ； Higher-order element function ； Soil-moisture diffusivity ； Soil-water characteristic curve (SWCC) ； 地下水補注 ； 有限元（FE） ； 高階元函數 ； 土壤水分擴散度 ； 土壤水分特徵曲線（SWCC）

台灣水利

70卷1期（2022 / 03 / 01）

1 - 16

英文

The paper presents a finite element (FE) modeling in the simulation of moisture transfer in unsaturated soils through the relationship between soil moisture, soil suction, unsaturated permeability and soil-moisture dispersivity. Element sizes and time steps have been selected based on the detailed analysis of numerical simulation errors. Four subsurface soil types in the study area have been analyzed for saturated permeability, porosity, saturated soil water content, field moisture content, etc. The hourly rainfall data have been analyzed and grouped into different-duration rainfall events. The different rainfall durations and depths of rainfall events and temporal infiltration determined by the moisture transfer modeling allow to determine the groundwater (GW) recharge from any excessive rainfall event in rainy reason. The application of the methodology to all excessive rainfall events of a particular year will provide the annual GW recharge. The proposed methodology had been applied to a coastal district, Thai Thuy, Thai Binh province, Vietnam, for a year of the typical average precipitation in the area. The results show that the GW recharge from the rainfall during the rainy months from Jun. to Oct. is as follows: 0.178 m through silty clay, 0.196 m-0.209 mt through silt, and 0.229 m through silty sand. The rainfall recharges to GW through those four soil types in terms of percentage of rainy season rainfall depth are 13.88%, 15.28%, 16.30% and 17.86%, respectively, which are corresponding to 9.82% - 12.63% of the total rainfall depth of the typical average precipitation year.

本文通過探討土壤水、土壤吸力、非飽和滲透率和土壤水分散性之間的關係，提出一種非飽和土壤中水分傳遞的有限元［素］（FE）模式。首先基於數值模擬誤差的詳細分析，選擇元素尺寸和時步，並針對研究區域的四種地下土壤進行飽和滲透率、孔隙率、飽和土壤含水量、田間含水量等分析。每小時的降雨數據經分析後，被分組為不同時長的降雨事件。由水分傳遞模型分辨的不同降雨時長及深度的降雨事件和時間滲透，可用於分辨雨季中任何過量降雨事件產生的地下水補注。將該方法應用於特定年份中所有的過量降雨事件可得出年度地下水補注。該提出方法已在越南的沿海地區（太平市太瑞縣）用於該地區一年的典型平均降水量。結果表明，從6月至10月的雨季降雨帶來的地下水補注如下：0.178 m穿過粉砂質粘土，0.196 m-0.209 mt穿過粉砂，0.229 m穿過粉砂質砂。通過這四種土壤類型補注的地下水分別占了雨季降雨深度的13.88％、15.28％、16.30％和17.86％，同時對應典型平均降水年，則是占了雨季總降雨深度的9.82％-12.63％。

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