Simulation and Experiment Study on Structure Optimization of Fertilizer Injection Nozzle

注肥噴嘴結構優化仿真與試驗研究

10.6937/TWC.202303_71(1).0003

MEI ZHU；HUI LUO；XIAOLE LI；ZHOU FAN；XIMING ZHU

Fertilizer injection nozzle ； Simulation ； Shrink flow channel ； Integration of water and fertilize ； 注肥噴嘴 ； 仿真 ； 收縮流道 ； 水肥一體化

台灣水利

71卷1期（2023 / 03 / 01）

25 - 38

英文;繁體中文

In order to improve the mixing uniformity of fertilizer solution and irrigation water, avoid fertilizer waste, achieve precision fertilization and reduce the difference in crop growth caused by uneven mixing of water and fertilizer in integrated irrigation of water and fertilizer, three types of fertilizer injection nozzle structures of the cross, eight-hole elbow, and three-hole elbow were designed. The FLUENT software package in ANSYS software was used to simulate the three types of fertilizer injection nozzles. The nozzle with the best simulation effect was made by 3D printing, and the mixing effect of water and fertilizer was verified on the integrated irrigation test platform. According to the variance calculation, the mixing uniformity of the cross structure was increased by 60.4% compared with that of the eight-hole structure. Compared with the three-hole structure, the mixing uniformity of the cross structure was improved by 47.3%. Compared with the eight-hole structure, the mixing uniformity of the three-hole structure was improved by 24.9%. The cross structure was 3D printed and used to test the uniformity of fertilizer mixing in the pipeline. The test showed that the uniformity of fertilizer mixing of the cross structure was increased by 64.76% and 57.14% compared with the non-nozzle structure and the straight pipe structure nozzle developed by the research group, respectively. The cross-structure nozzle can effectively reduce the fertilizer solution concentration differences in each branch pipe in the irrigation pipe network and improve the effectiveness of irrigation uniformity.

為了提高肥料溶液與灌溉水的混合均勻性，避免肥料浪費，達到精准施肥，降低水肥一體化灌溉中由於水肥混合不均引起的作物生長狀況的差異性，設計了十字、八孔彎頭、三孔彎頭三種注肥噴嘴結構，使用Ansys軟件中的Fluent軟件包對三種注肥噴嘴進行模擬仿真，利用3D打印制作仿真效果最好的噴嘴實物，在水肥一體化灌溉試驗平台上進行水肥混合效果驗證。根據方差計算得出：十字結構相較於八孔結構，混合的均勻性提升60.4%；十字結構相較於三孔結構，混合的均勻性提升47.3%；而三孔結構相較於八孔結構，混合的均勻性提升24.9%。利用3D打印十字孔結構實物，進行管道混肥均勻性試驗，試驗表明十字結構相比無噴嘴結構和課題組已研發的直管結構噴嘴提升混肥均勻性分別為64.76%和57.14%。十字噴嘴結構能夠更加有效減小灌溉管網中各支管內肥料溶液濃度的差異性，提升灌溉均勻性效果。

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