長期吸煙者的肺功能研究

Lung function studies in long-term smokers

10.12408/J.issn2223-4462.2024.01.001

韋名揚(WAI Meng Ieong)；彭莉(PENG Li)；馮芷軒(FUNG Chi Hin)；張曉戰(ZHANG Xiao Zhan)

吸煙 ； 慢性阻塞性肺病 ； 肺功能 ； 保留比率受損肺功能 ； Smoking ； Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) ； Pulmonary Function ； Preserved ratio impaired spirometry (PRISm)

鏡湖醫學

24卷1期（2024 / 06 / 01）

5 - 7

繁體中文;英文

目的：瞭解長期吸煙對肺功能的影響，並及早發現慢性阻塞性肺病（chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, COPD）。方法：2017年5月～2019年12月，對長期吸煙者進行肺通氣功能檢查，對早期COPD和肺功能異常進行篩查。結果：吸煙組199例，非吸煙組73例完成肺功能檢查。吸煙組的1秒率（FEV1/FVC）和FEV1%Pred明顯低於非吸煙組。兩組肺功能異常檢出異常率分别為46.2%和15.1%，吸煙組明顯高於非吸煙組（χ^2=22.04, P <0.01），其中COPD檢出率36.2%（95%CI:29.5%～42.9%）；保留比率受損肺功能（Preserved ratio impaired spirometry, PRISm）檢出率10.1%（95%CI:5.8%～14.2%）。非吸煙組COPD檢出率6.8%（95%CI:1.1%～12.6%）；PRISm檢出率8.2%（95%CI:5.2%～14.5%），吸煙組COPD檢出率明顯高於非吸煙組。結論：長期吸煙人群中肺功能異常率高、可能COPD檢出率高。肺功能檢查有助於早期發現COPD和肺功能異常人群，為慢性肺病的早期防治提供依據。

Objective: To investigate the effects of long-term smoking on lung function, and the early detection of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Methods: From May 2017 to December 2019, pulmonary function was examined, and the detection rates of COPD and lung function abnormalities were analyzed. Results: A total of199 patientsin the smoking group and 73patients in the nonsmoking group completed lung function tests. The 1second rate (FEV 1/FVC) and FEV 1% Pred were lower in the smoking group than in the nonsmoking group. The detection rates of abnormal lung function in two groups were 46.2% and 15.1%, respectively, and those in the smoking group were higher than those inthe non-smoking group (χ^2=22.04, P <0.01). In thesmoking group, the detection rate of possible COPD was 36.2% (95%CI: 29.5%~42.9%), and that of PRISm was 10.1% (95%CI: 5.8%~14.2%). In the nonsmoking group,the detection rate of possibleCOPD was 6.8% (95%CI:1.1%~12.6% )and that of PRISmwas 8.2% (95%CI: 5.2%~14.5%). The detection rate of possible COPD was significantly greater in the smoking group than in nonsmoking group. Conclusion: Long-term smokers have a high detection rate of pulmonary function impairment and possible COPD. Pulmonary function examination may help to detect early COPD and pulmonary function impairment in the population,providing a basis for the early prevention and treatment of COPD.