陳子龍復古詩學要旨，兼論七子派說《詩》內涵

Focuses of Chen Zilong's Retro Studies of The Book of Songs and Investigation on the Connotations of Seven Scholars' The Book of Songs

王欣慧(Wang, Hsin-Hui)

陳子龍 ； 復古 ； 七子 ； 詩教 ； 實用詩學 ； Chen Zilong ； Retro ； Seven Scholars ； the educational function of The Book of Songs ； Practical Studies of The Book of Songs

北市大語文學報

23期（2020 / 12 / 01）

31 - 53

繁體中文;英文

清代文人在總結明代詩學演變的論述中，多將陳子龍視為踵繼前、後七子詩歌復古運動的第三波高峰；同時也將雲間三子（李雯、陳子龍、宋徵輿）所編纂的《皇明詩選》視為「七子遺調」。眾所周知，七子復古詩學的要旨重在「格調」，即透過對前人典範作品體格聲調的模習去達成復古之義，因此常被烙下「摹擬」，甚至「剽賊」的印記，對此，陳子龍作於崇禎八年的〈彷彿樓詩稿序〉也有所批評。吊詭的是，明亡（崇禎十七年）後，陳子龍自訂文稿時，大幅刪改了原版中指陳李、何、王、李的文字，轉而抨擊七子的後學者，當今研究指出，陳子龍的刪修動機是出於重新建構明詩的正宗譜系。本文針對此一議題嘗試進一步就陳子龍相關詩論原典進行系統化的考察，說明其何以需重新建構明詩正宗譜系，並以其後期詩學主張中鮮明的詩教觀，梳理七子派論《詩》內涵，冀能釐清陳子龍復古詩學的精神，及其對七子派糾結的情感。

When the literati in the Qing Dynasty summarized the evolution of the studies of The Book of Songs in the Ming Dynasty, they mostly regarded Chen Zilong as the third wave of the Seven Scholars' The Book of Songs song retro movement. Besides, Huang Ming Shi Shua compiled by Yun Jian Three Scholars (Lee Wen, Chen Zilong, Sung Chengyu) is regarded as "Seven Scholars' legacy". It is well known that the Seven Scholars' retro studies of The Book of Songs focus on "style", that is, to achieve the meaning of retro through the models and tones of the classic works of predecessors. Therefore, such studies are often branded as "simulation" or even "pirates". Chen Zilong's "Introduction to The Book of Songs at Fangfu Tower" written in 1635 was also criticized the above. Paradoxically, after the end of the Ming Dynasty (1644), when Chen Zilong wrote the manuscript, he drastically deleted and changed the original wordings of Chen, Lee, Ho, and Wang, and instead criticized the post-scholars of Seven Scholars. The existing studies point out that Chen Zilong's motivation for deletion and revision was to reconstruct the authentic genealogy of The Book of Songs. This study attempts to further systematically investigate the original text of Chen Zilong's discussions about The Book of Songs and explain why he needed to reconstruct the authentic genealogy of The Book of Songs. Moreover, this study uses the distinct view of the educational function of The Book of Songs in his later studies of The Book of Songs to sort out the connotations of the Seven Scholars theory of The Book of Songs, in order to clarify Chen Zilong's spirit of retro studies of The Book of Songs and his entangled feelings for Seven Scholars.

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