慷慨追賢豪：陳子龍〈歲晏倣子美〈同谷七歌〉〉的「殺身」意蘊

Impassioned Aspiration to Follow Heroic Men of Great Virtue: The Implication of "Giving up Life for Righteousness" in "Imitating Zimei's Seven Songs of Tonggu in My Twilight Years" by Chen Zilong

王若嫻(Wang, Jo-Hsien)

陳子龍 ； 同谷七歌 ； 杜甫 ； 清初 ； 屈原 ； Chen Zilong ； Tonggu Qige(Seven Songs of Tonggu) ； Du Fu ； Early Qing ； Qu Yuan

北市大語文學報

30期（2024 / 06 / 01）

37 - 68

繁體中文;英文

清順治4年，陳子龍抗清遭執，投水以殉，時譽氣節高慨；然此前二年，因未及時同殉相偕抗清失敗、旋即自沉的至友夏允彝，遭責晚死。雖曾藉詩文，回應疑慮，仍意猶未愜，生前最後半年作〈歲晏倣子美〈同谷七歌〉〉，心託皎月：詩名繫諸杜甫，體裁淵源《楚辭》，詩中追憶故人，關涉自傳色彩，掂拈出處大義，無悔取義殺身本衷；兼且究竟閹黨，根究明亡原由，指涉載史資鑑心懷；詩末所附門生後人「考證」，隱而代述其「志」，遙映史遷類聯心跡。探核詩中「生平慷慨追賢豪」襟懷及意蘊，對子龍處境之釐清、心志之定向，當能提供另一研究視野與蹊徑。

In the fourth year of the reign of Emperor Shunzhi of the Qing Dynasty, Chen Zilong, an official and poet of the late Ming Dynasty, was caught by the Qing troops in his revolt against the Qing Court. He managed to break free from the shackles and then killed himself by drowning. His high moral integrity won him praise from the people. However, he had been criticized by the people two years before that for not committing suicide for the Ming Dynasty with his best friends. He once wrote poems and articles to express himself about it, but he felt that these works did not quite say what he tried to convey. Hence, in the last six months of his life, he wrote "Imitating Zimei's Seven Songs of Tonggu in My Twilight Years" to explain further. The title and theme of the poem linked to Tang poet Du Fu (also known as Zimei by his courtesy name) and Han historian Sima Qian, and the content spoke of his memory of the deceased loved ones and his insight into what caused the fall of the Ming Dynasty. The poem implied his wish to give up his life for righteousness and his intention to take lessons from history. The poem also mentioned his impassioned aspiration to follow the example set by heroic men of great virtue. Studying Chen Zilong from this perspective should provide a new view and approach to research.