题名

MnSOD藉由減少氧化壓力以維持癌幹細胞族群

并列篇名

MnSOD reduces ROS stress to maintain cancer stem cell

DOI

10.6342/NTU.2015.01559

作者

羅勻瑄

关键词

大腸癌 ; 癌幹細胞 ; 活性氧化物 ; 猛型超氧化物歧化酶 ; 休眠狀態 ; colon cancer ; cancer stem cell ; reactive oxygen species ; manganese superoxide dismutase ; quiescence

期刊名称

臺灣大學生化科技學系學位論文

卷期/出版年月

2015年

学位类别

碩士

导师

陳彥榮

内容语文

英文

中文摘要

近年來大腸癌罹病率因飲食習慣及年齡結構的改變而有逐漸攀升的現象。目前對大腸癌主要以外科手術、化療、放射線治療以及標靶治療作為治療手法。然而,癌症的復發降低了病患術後的生存率。近年研究指出,在大腸癌細胞中存在一群擁有似幹細胞特性的少數族群。此族群因具有自我更新及無限制細胞分裂的能力而取名為癌幹細胞 (cancer stem cell)。癌幹細胞被指出能在化療及放射線治療中存活,並能夠產生新的腫瘤而造成癌症的復發。因此,大腸癌幹細胞成為有效治療癌症的新標的。許多研究認為癌幹細胞與幹細胞具有一定程度的相似性。而在幹細胞的眾多特性中,活性氧化物被認為參與了幹細胞與癌幹細胞調節。錳型超氧化物歧化酶 (Manganese superoxide dismutase, MnSOD)為超氧化物歧化酶的其中一型,其特別之處在於專一性地座落於細胞的粒線體中。而此特性增加了MnSOD對細胞內活性氧化物調節的重要性。過去研究曾發現MnSOD對於幹細胞的細胞命運及維持十分重要。然而,MnSOD在癌幹細胞中的角色目前尚未釐清。因此本研利用大腸癌細胞株,DLD-1,作為研究對象並同時使用懸浮培養的方式篩選大腸癌幹細胞。首先,偵測大腸癌幹細胞中的粒線體超氧化物含量,比較後發現其含量高於未經篩選之大腸癌細胞。此外,更進一步的發現調節粒線體超氧化物的MnSOD在大腸癌幹細胞含量較高。接著,我使用RNAi的方式降低MnSOD表現量後偵測其粒線體超氧化物含量,發現粒線體超氧化物含量只有在大腸癌幹細胞中上升,而非在未經篩選之大腸癌細胞裡。此外,我對大腸癌幹細胞的數量及其相關基因的表現做檢測,結果發現降低MnSOD表現量後始大腸癌幹細胞的數量降低且相關的基因表現下降。因MnSOD在過去曾被認為調節細胞週期及休眠狀態,因此我偵測MnSOD表現量降低的細胞株中休眠時期的細胞數量,結果發現MnSOD表現量會降低使休眠時期的細胞數量減少。而透過偵測不同天數培養的細胞中休眠狀態的細胞數量後,我發現癌細胞中休眠狀態的細胞比例會隨著培養時間而增加;然而,降低MnSOD表現可能會影響癌幹細胞重新回到休眠狀態。此發現可能為癌症治療提供了新的標的

英文摘要

Colon cancer incidence has been rising due to changes of diet habits and age composition. Surgery, chemotherapy, irradiation, and target therapy are common strategies to treat patients with different stages of colon cancer. However, tumor regrowth, which is called relapse, reduces patients’ survival rate. It was found that a subpopulation exists in colon cancer which is named colon cancer stem cell and endows stem cell-like properties including, self-renewal and limitless division. Colon cancer stem cells could survive in chemotherapy and radiation therapy and reestablish a tumor, which results in relapse. Therefore, colon cancer stem cell is considered as an efficient target for cancer therapy. Several studies reported that colon cancer stem cell may share characteristics with normal stem cells. Among natures of stem cells, reactive oxygen species (ROS) are known to involve in the regulation of cancer cells and stem cells. MnSOD is a superoxide dismutase which locates exclusively in mitochondrial matrix and is believed to be important for controlling the level of cellular ROS. It was found to be important for the fate of stem cell and cancer cell maintenance. However, the role of MnSOD in cancer stem cells is not clear. Therefore, in this study, I used the colon cancer cell line, DLD-1, under the suspension culture as colon cancer stem cells and detected the level of mitochondrial superoxide. The data showed that level of mitochondrial superoxide is higher in cancer stem cells than that in cancer cell pool. I also found that MnSOD expression level is higher in cancer stem cells. Next, we knockdown MnSOD in DLD-1 cell line and examined the population and expression of genes related to cancer stem cells, including CD24, p21, Bmi1, and ABCG2. The result showed that the amount and gene expression of cancer stem cells reduced in the knockdown cell line. Since MnSOD is known to involve in cell cycle regulation, I assumed that changes in MnSOD may disturb the quiescent cancer stem cells. By analyzing proliferation marker and DNA content, I found that the percentage of quiescent population is lower in knockdown cell line. Furthermore, I also found that knowckdown MnSOD impaired cancer cell to re-enter quiescent state by analyzing quiescent population in cells with different culture time. The results suggested that the regulation of mitochondrial superoxide by MnSOD may help in cancer stem cell pool maintenance and re-entry of quiescence. These finding might provide a novel therapeutic target for cancer treatment.

主题分类 生命科學院 > 生化科技學系
生物農學 > 生物科學
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