英文摘要
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Background: The number of people with dementia and the demand for care in long-term care institutions are increasing in Taiwan. Care attendants are one of the main care workers in long-term care institutions. Care attendant courses in Taiwan tend to focus on basic care skills training. Due to the long working hours and the time pressure of other various courses and techniques, the dementia care course is only two hours long. Moreover, clinical care attendants do not require dementia care practice. Thus, attendants must face the changing care problems of patients with dementia on their own, which brings many challenges. Therefore, the skills of dementia care attendants urgently need to be improved.
Objective: To investigate the effects of a dementia situational simulation education training intervention on care workers' knowledge, attitudes, behaviors, and ability to effectively provide the care needed by patients with dementia.
Methods: This quasi-experimental study design was conducted between November 2021 and January 2022 among care attendants at four nursing homes in central China. The 66 subjects were divided into the experimental group (n=36) and control group (n=30) by tossing a coin. The custom "Situational Simulation Educational Training Intervention on Dementia Care Knowledge, Attitudes, and Behaviors of Nursing Home Care Attendants" was used as a measurement tool. After both groups completed the pre-test, the experimental group received the situational simulation education training course, implemented classroom on-the-job education, watched teaching videos for 15 minutes, and were then randomly divided into two groups for situational exercises for a total of 20 minutes or after-class discussion for 10 minutes. The control group received the conventional no-training course. Post-tests were carried out two and four weeks after the intervention in the second group. Data were coded and statistically analyzed with SPSS version 19.0 using descriptive and inferential analyzes such as the X2 test, t-test, Mann-Whitney U-test, repeated ANOVA, and generalized estimating equations.
Results: The experimental and control groups had similar demographic features, knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors at pre-test, though there were significant differences in age, relatives and friends with or without dementia, living with or without dementia, and the number of care certificates between groups. After the intervention, the experimental group exhibited significant improvements in knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors in the post-tests two days (T1) and four weeks (T2) after the intervention (p<.01). GEE indicated the situational simulation education and training intervention, knowledge of dementia care, attitude, and number of years of caring were associated with improved care behaviors for dementia symptoms.
Conclusions: The situational simulation education training improved care attendants’ dementia care knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors. The results of this study provide a training reference for follow-up pre-job training courses for care attendants who work with patients with dementia.
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