腳踏車人機系統之關節運動空間與最佳運動效率研究

Research of Joint Workspaces and Optimum Kinematic Efficiency of Man-machine Systems of Bicycles

10.6841/NTUT.2012.00360

賴儀聰

腳踏車人機系統 ； 關節運動空間 ； 可動性分析 ； 騎乘姿態 ； Man-machine Systems ； Bicycles ； Kinematics Model ； Workspaces

臺北科技大學機電科技研究所學位論文

2012年

博士

徐正會

繁體中文

影響「腳踏車人機系統（man-machine systems of bicycles）」驅動效率，經研究計有腳踏車之座桿長度、曲柄長度及座桿角度等；為提昇不同身材之腳踏車騎乘者於驅動腳踏車時下肢之效率，本研究針對腳踏車騎乘之可動性，採利用連桿機構之「可動性分析(mobility analysis)方法」進行分析。首先將人體軀幹、下肢及曲柄組成之人機系統，模擬為單一迴路「平面五連桿組」，再利用平面連桿組的「位移分析方法」，建立人體軀幹、下肢及曲柄的運動模型，進而結合人體計測學的人體動態尺寸量測方法，找出實際騎乘腳踏車時，下肢推進的角度所構成的「關節運動空間（joint workspaces）」。 經歸納影響腳踏車驅動之下肢各關節極限角度，已完成「立式、競速式及斜靠式」等三種車型可使用關節運動空間（joint workspaces）之建構與分析，並依據就可動性分析之假設，分析歸納將影響腳踏車驅動效率之因子；經實際量測與觀察騎乘者驅動腳踏車時下肢角度的變化情形，以其真實運動軌跡已證實本研究分析之可用運動空間。本研究可藉由輸入騎乘者的肢體條件，透過電腦程式之快速運算，找出適合個別騎乘者之較佳腳踏車設計值，期能讓騎乘者獲得較理想之整體運動效率。

Bicycle design largely contradicts human motion, necessitating consideration of both the bicycle structure and the kinematic efficiency in the dimensions of the rider’s limbs, as well as human factor engineering, i.e. comfortability. By focusing on the kinematic model of 5-bar linkage and joints workspace, this study examines the most appropriate bicycle design and the riding posture to ensure that muscles can produce the effective moment and increase driving efficiency of a crank necessary. For upright, racing and recumbent bicycle types, assumptions are made regarding mobility analysis and the system of man-machine systems of bicycles estimated as well. Simulation results can identify the major dimensions of bicycle designing for different riders efficiently by inputting physical measurements of the rider and the angle range of driving force, subsequently increasing the riding efficiency to decrease the load of lower limbs of riders and satisfying ergonomic requirements of bicycle riders.

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