泛用型虛實整合系統架構建立─ 以液靜壓節流器之調整為驗證載具

Construction of a Cyber-Physical System – Using a Linear Stage Assembled with Various Types of Hydrostatic Restrictors for Verification

程瑾文

虛實整合系統 ； 數位化 ； 液靜壓軸承 ； 系統整合 ； 蒙地卡羅模擬 ； Cyber physical system ； Digitization ； Hydrostatic bearing ； System integration ； Monte Carlo Simulation

清華大學動力機械工程學系學位論文

2017年

碩士

宋震國

繁體中文

本文設計一種泛用型虛實整合系統之架構，並將其運用於液靜壓軸承系統之元件設計與性能改善。本文之特點有三：其一、本架構之範圍涵蓋整個設計端到使用端，強調每一個階段所進行之決策與系統表現皆能成為往後對整體設計進行優化之依據。其二、在虛擬系統的建構上，本文探討利用傳統軟體程式語言與近年來發展之硬體描述語言之不同性質並納入時序之概念，於不同需求下結合兩者的不同優勢，使本文架構中之數據分析方式具有更多的可能性。其三、本文架構以本研究室較具經驗的液靜壓軸承研究為載具，除了驗證本架構的可行性以外，希望能進一步對該液靜壓系統進行分析、優化，挖掘虛實整合系統的實際應用價值，提供傳統產業新的可能性。 本文之虛擬系統建立部分，依照不同使用階段所需使用的分析方式與工具將重要參數分類，在簡化虛擬模型之複雜度的同時增強其未來之拓展能力。本文將設計到生產端分成靜態、動態、容差以及感測控制等四大分類，分別設計並建立相對應之模組後使其相互連結，進而完成虛擬系統本身之整合。 真實系統建立部分，則架設一小型液靜壓線性實驗平台，結合不同的節流器並觀察其性能表現。固定式節流器的研究時間最長，理論也最完善，適合進行本文虛實整合系統架構之驗證；而自補償節流器則可透過虛實整合系統之分析得到更有依據的設計優化與調校方式。 透過本論文，希望能結合不同領域之長處，提供設計者另一種不同的思考方式。

A cyber physical system (CPS) is an integration of computers and physical systems. In a CPS, the physical system is integrated with sensing, communication, and computing components. This research aims at constructing a framework for the cyber physical system, including a virtual system as well as a physical system. To demonstrate the capability of the constructed cyber physical system, we designed an experiment platform of a hydrostatic linear stage as the real physical system. Within the virtual system, we constructed the simulation model for each component, which was able to characterize the feature of the physical system. To reduce the complexity, the system model of each component was categorized into four major properties: static, dynamic, tolerancing design, and sensing & controlling. Then, we established the corresponding module to describe each property. The static module included properties, for example, the geometries, materials and loading parameters, while the dynamic module stated the derived dynamic performance of the corresponding static properties. The tolerancing module predicted the final performance after considering manufacturing uncertainty. The sensors, actuators, and controller were included in the fourth module to communicate between the virtual and physical systems. Using the CPS, we predicted the performance of the linear stage while designing, controlling, and maintaining the physical system after manufacturing. We will closely look into the extensibility of the framework; other advanced options may be added in the future.

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