PET/SiO2奈米複合材料 之結構與結晶行為研究

Study on the Structure and Crystallization Behavior of PET/SiO2 Nanocomposite

辛柏寰

小角度X光散射 ； 結晶動力學 ； SAXS ； crystallization behavior

清華大學化學工程學系學位論文

2016年

碩士

陳信龍

繁體中文

聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯(Polyethylene terephthalate)為常見的高分子材料，由於其經濟性與優良加工性質，被廣泛運用於各產業，包括包裝材料與紡織纖維，為了增進其經濟價值，可將其透過雙軸延伸製成光學級聚酯薄膜材料，成為光電產業中重要的基板材料。 我們發現酯粒製程中添加的二氧化矽(SiO2)奈米粒子可以減少膜材的沾粘性，並可增進機械性能，但SiO2奈米粒子有可能聚集對可見光造成散射而增加霧度，增加SiO2奈米粒子之分散性，本研究所用胺基碳鏈(alkyl amine)接枝於奈米粒子表面，再加入乙二醇與對苯二甲酸(TPA)系統中進行聚合，而使粒子表面的EG得以和TPA進行聚合，而增加奈米粒子的分散性，為了瞭解SiO2奈米粒子與PET的交互作用，我們使用了微差式熱卡計(DSC)、小角度X光散射儀(SAXS)、穿透式電子顯微鏡(TEM)來分析，發現在添加少量SiO2¬奈米粒子(~1wt%)時，PET的結晶速度會加快，顯示SiO2¬奈米粒子扮演晶核劑之角色，隨SiO2¬奈米粒子添加量增加(~5wt%)，PET的結晶速度變慢，此乃因為SiO2¬奈米粒子扮演交聯點的功能會限制PET鏈段的運動能力，此外，SiO2奈米粒子在PET中形成碎形聚集體，且溫度的變化對其結構並無顯著的影響，整體而言，後續熱處理程序的溫度以及時間應隨SiO2的添加量而調整。

Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) is a very wildly used polymer material. Generally speaking, it is consumed by food package and clothing fiber industry. In order to improve its economic value, some scientists try to produce optical grade PET film. This kind of optical film will be used as back sheet of flexible touch panel. Due to the physical property of PET film, it will accumulate electrostatic and therefore make it hard for further processing. Adding SiO2 nanoparticle in PET film can reduce electrostatic; however, the particle size and its dispersity will contribute to haze, some kind of negative effect on optical film. We attempt to understand the interaction between SiO2 nanoparticle and PET by small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), wide angle X-ray scattering (WAXS), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and transmission electron microscope (TEM). After several experiments, we discover that at low amounts of SiO2 nanoparticle (~1wt%) will increase the crystallization rate of PET. On the other hand, the larger concentration of SiO2 nanoparticle (~5wt%) the crystallization rate of PET will be suppressed. Furthermore, the SiO2 will disperse in PET in a fractal structure, the change of temperature will not change its structure.

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