向上比較對學業學習動機的影響：以自我慈悲為調節變項

The Influence of Upward Social Comparison on Academic Learning Motivation: The Moderating Effects of Self-Compassion

10.6840/cycu201500913

王麒鈞

向上比較 ； 自我慈悲 ； 學習動機 ； Upward comparison ； Self-compassion ； Learning motivation

中原大學心理學系學位論文

2015年

碩士

李怡真

繁體中文

過去研究已知，向上比較能影響個體的學習動機。向上比較可以被視為一種負向資訊，讓進行比較的個體感受到威脅，使其學習動機降低；但也有研究指出，許多因素能幫助個體在進行向上比較後，反而能有更好的學習動機。本研究者認為個體的自我慈悲特質，極可能是幫助個體在進行向上比較後能有較好的學習動機之重要因素，因此本研究主要目的在檢驗自我慈悲在向上比較與學習動機之間是否具有調節效果。本研究參與者為70位大學學生，參與者被隨機分派至實驗組或控制組，兩組參與者在被引導進入追求學業目標的情境後，透過短文的閱讀，使其處於向上比較（實驗組）或平行比較（控制組）的心理歷程之中，最後則填寫學習動機量表(自我效能量表)以及自我慈悲量表。本研究結果顯示，向上比較組與平行比較組於自我效能的分數上並無顯著差異，但在調節效果的檢驗中，自我慈悲在向上比較與自我效能間確實具有調節作用，並且高自我慈悲者比低自我慈悲者在進行向上比較後有更高的自我效能。本研究結果支持了自我慈悲能幫助個體在向上比較後能有較高的學習動機，可以幫助教育者了解如何幫助學生提升學習動機之重要參考。

Previous research has shown that upward comparisons are detrimental to one’s learning motivation. Nonetheless,several factors were shown to buffer the negative influence of upward comparisons on learning motivation.We considered that self-compassion could be one of the factors that could buffer the negative influence of upward comparisons. Therefore, the main purpose of the present study is to examine whether self-compassion could moderate the effects between upward comparisons and learning motivation. Participants were 70 college students. They were randomly assigned to one of the two groups and guided to make upward comparison (experimental group)or parallel comparison(control group).Then, they were asked to complete the learning motivation scale(self-efficacy)and the self-compassion scale. The results reveal that the interaction effect of self-compassion and upward comparison can significantly predict self-efficacy.People with higher self-compassion had better self-efficacy than people with low self-compassion after making upward comparisons. The importance of self-compassion improving academic learning motivation after upward comparisons was discussed.

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