總量管制與排放交易政策下之環境投資和生產計畫擬定決策

Decisions on Environmental Investment and Production Planning under a Cap and Trade Policy

10.6840/cycu201500925

高琦幃

溫室氣體盤查 碳交易 減碳投資 動態規劃 ； greenhouse gas inventory carbon trading carbon reduction capex dynamic planning

中原大學工業與系統工程學系學位論文

2015年

碩士

宮大川

繁體中文

隨著全球節能減碳意識高漲，減少溫室氣體排放量早已是許多國家重視的議題，但聯合國於2014年聲明二氧化碳排放量最晚必須在2070年為零，才可避免因全球暖化造成重大災難，使得近期溫室氣體減量更受重視，各國也期望在未來能擬定適用於全球的氣候協議。在京都議定書以及各國進行減少溫室氣體排放政策下，發展了碳交易市場機制，企業根據國際標準組織所訂定的ISO 14064進行溫室氣體盤查與減量，如有多餘或是不足的碳額度可藉由碳交易買賣碳權來達成碳中和。而企業在進行減碳的同時也需考慮投資成本是否符合減碳效益，此時政府減碳政策強度、碳交易市場碳價與需求趨勢就成為企業需面臨的外在因素，如何有效地減少碳排放量儼然更是企業提升競爭力時必須探討的課題。本論文在於建立一減碳投資決策模式，以成本最小化為目標，在碳市場價格、政府給予之碳排放額度、庫存、生產成本下，透過節能與高產能設備投資、以及利用產能調配，達到降低企業總成本之目的。並且依數值範例分析與參數分析結果，提出管理面向意涵。供企業在經濟永續和環境永續間尋求平衡之參考。

The reduction of greenhouse gas emissions has been on the top of political agendas in many countries, as the world is increasingly aware of the importance of energy conservation and carbon reductions. In fact, the United Nations stated in 2014 that carbon emissions must be zero by 2070 at the latest to avoid major calamities due to global warming. This has highlighted the importance of greenhouse gas reductions and contributed to the hope for a global climate agreement. The carbon trading mechanism came into being following the Kyoto Protocol and the policies to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in different countries. companies review greenhouse gas inventory and reductions according to ISO 14064 defined by International Standard Organization. Carbon neutrality can be achieved by selling excess carbon credits or buying for the shortfall in carbon credits. It is also necessary to evaluate the feasibility of investment in carbon reductions. In summary, companies have to take into account the government policy intensity, carbon prices and demand trends when they seek to boost competitiveness with carbon reductions. This thesis designs a decision model for carbon reductions with dynamic planning for cost minimization. The model incorporates factors such as carbon prices, emission caps allowed by governments, inventory costs, capacity planning and carbon emissions. It is hoped that companies reduce the total cost by adjusting capacities and with capex in energy efficiency and high productivity equipment. This thesis analyzes the statistics and parameters established before presenting the managerial implications, in order to assist companies in the balancing act between economic sustainability and environmental sustainability.

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