英文摘要
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The universities in Taiwan are confronted with a severe issue caused by increasing quantities of universities because of higher education policy transformation and by global economic slump and government financial difficulties. Under the limited education expenditures and low birth rate impact, the operational performance of sustainable management is a matter of every university’s survival. In the study, the Data Envelopment Analysis was adopted to evaluate the operational performance amount 53 national universities from 2007 to 2015, and then returns to scale were applied to analyze whether they could utilize their resources effectively to meet their standard of school size. The study offered inefficient schools suggestions to improve their orientation and size. Meanwhile, an observation was conducted to realize the operational performance both in premerger and postmerger periods. The purposes of the findings were to advocate the merger policy, to implement resource integration, and to promote competitiveness among the universities.
The relatively efficient results of overall performance are National Cheng Kung University, National Taiwan Normal University, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, National Central University, National Chung Cheng University, National Taichung University of Science and Technology, National Chin-Yi University of Technology, National Formosa University, National Kaohsiung University of Applied Science, and National Pingtung University. Among the samples in 2015, as many as 35 universities performed inefficiently, mainly because the school size did not meet their requirements. The outcomes showed that University Merger Policy carried out by Ministry of Education was well judged.
The study also investigated the effects of declining birth rate on a university’s student source, school management, and its quality. It showed that the universities which, with the number of students below 5500, had been in increasing return to scale chronically, all failed to reach the economic scale. For such universities, the better way was to put down their own viewpoints and join the merger policy actively to meet their economic scale and stay competitive. For the universities combined during or before the research period, another finding was that they actually improved their operational performance after the combination. The main reasons caused the school operation inefficiently were: too small school size and insufficient number of students, poor production of research project, and little achievement in self-help fundraisings. Universities can take the results for reference when they operate their schools in the future.
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