台灣地區學生體適能常模與高雄市某國小高年級現況之數據比較分析

Comparative analysis of the physical fitness norm of students in Taiwan and the physical fitness of students from an elementary school in Kaohsiung

林重興

身體質量指數 ； 體適能 ； 健康促進 ； Body mass index ； Physical fitness ； Health promotion

義守大學資訊管理學系學位論文

2020年

碩士

吳有龍

繁體中文

本研究旨在探討高雄市某國小107學年度，五、六年級學童的體適能表現和「台灣地區學生體適能常模檢測」的差異比較，來評估某國小10-12歲學童體適能之狀況；以107學年度五、六年級學童研究對象，依教育部所頒布之體適能檢測項目與方法：身體質量指數、坐姿體前彎、一分鐘屈膝仰臥起坐、立定跳遠與800公尺跑走進行施測，採用量化研究中描述性統計分析及常模參照分析後，獲得以下結果： 一、107學年度身體質量指數(BMI)男女學童平均體位都在正常體位，女學童的整體表現優於男學童。 二、107學年度坐姿體前彎測驗結果，男學童10、11歲組表現相當於全國常模，12歲組則有顯著提升優於全國常模；女學童則有顯著表現，高於全國常模。高年級學童在柔軟度的表現女學童均優於男學童。 三、 107學年立定跳遠測驗結果，男學童的瞬發力顯著均優過全國常模，但卻有隨年齡增加而退步的趨勢；女學童的瞬發力顯著均優過全國常模。高年級學童在瞬發力的表現女學童均優於男學童，但男女學童在11歲組的表現差距很少。 四、 107學年度一分鐘屈膝仰臥起坐測驗結果，男、女學童的腹肌之肌力與肌耐力均顯著優過全國常模。10歲和12歲的表現女學童均優於男學童，11歲組的表現則是男學童優於女學童。 五、 107學年度800公尺跑走測驗結果，男學童心肺耐力表現均顯著優過全國常模，但有隨著年齡增加而下降的趨勢；女學童的表現均顯著優過全國常模。學童在心肺耐力的表現女學童均優於男學童。 六、綜合表現方面，男、女學童均高於全國同齡學童的平均表現。而女學童的綜合表現均優於男學童。

The purpose of the study is to scrutinize the physical fitness of the 10-12 years old students from an elementary school in Kaohsiung, through comparison the difference between the physical fitness performance of the 107-school-year fifth- and sixth- grade students from the elementary school, and the "Physical fitness norm of students in Taiwan". The study assessed the physical fitness of the 10-12 years old students from an elementary school in Kaohsiung according to the method stated by the Ministry of Education, which included body mass index (BMI), sit and reach test, sit-up test (in a minute), standing long jump, and 800 meters running. Using the norm-referenced test and the descriptive statistics of quantitative research, the following results were obtained: 1. The mean BMI of 107-school-year boys and girls were both within normal, and the performance of girls was better than that of boys on the whole. 2. The results of the 107-school-year sit and reach test demonstrated that, the performance of the 10-11 years old boys was similar to the national norm, whereas the 12-year-old boys performed significantly better than the national norm. All girls performed significantly better than the national norm. The performance of flexibility of the senior students was better in girls than boys. 3. The results of the 107-school-year standing long jump test revealed that the explosive strength of boys was significantly better than the national norm, but it tended to decline with age. The explosive strength of girls was significantly better than the national norm. The performance of explosive strength of senior students was better for girls than boys, yet the difference between the performance of 11-year-old boys and girls was subtle. 4. In the 107-school-year sit-up test (in a minute), both boys and girls performed better in the muscle strength and muscle endurance of the abdominal muscle than the national norm. 10- and 12-year-old girls performed better than the boys, while 11-year-old boys performed better than girls. 5. The results of the 107-school-year 800 meters running test showed that the performance of cardiopulmonary endurance of boys was significantly better than the national norm, but it declined with increasing age; the performance of girls was significantly better than the national norm. Girls performed better than boys considering cardiopulmonary endurance. 6. In terms of overall performance, both boys and girls performed better than the average performance of students of the same age nationwide. The overall performance of girls was better than that of boys.