42.2公里跑步對大學男生周邊血液中淋巴細胞增殖功能與自然殺手細胞毒殺活性之影響

Impacts on Lymphocyte Proliferation and Natural Killer Cytotoxicity in Peripheral Blood of Male College Students after a 42.2km Marathon Race

10.5297/ser.200402_6(1).0024

黃森芳(Sen-Fang Huang)

淋巴細胞增殖功能 ； 自然殺手細胞毒殺活性 ； 馬拉松 ； 長時間運動 ； lymphocyte proliferation ； natural killer cytotoxicity ； Marathon ； prolonged exercise

大專體育學刊

6卷1期（2004 / 02 / 01）

285 - 298

繁體中文

適度的運動量會促進人體免疫功能，降低感染疾病及維護身體健康。反之，耗竭式的運動或過度訓練則比不運動對人體健康之影響還要負面，會引起免疫抑制現象，破壞人體免疫功能，影響身體健康，增加感染病原體之機會，甚至提高罹患癌症之危險。本研究的目的在探討一般大學男生參加42.2公里跑步前後周邊血液中淋巴細胞增殖功能、自然殺手細胞毒殺活性是否差異。本研究以14位一般大學男生為研究對象，血液樣本於14位受測者跑步前30分鐘及跑步後0分、12小時、24小時、36小時與48小時於受測者前手臂靜脈抽取，以PHA及LPS有絲分裂原刺激淋巴細胞，評估周邊血液中淋巴細胞增殖功能；以自然殺手細胞分解51Cr標記之K562標的細胞釋出51Cr之總量，評估自然殺手細胞毒殺活性。本研究結果顯示：一般健康大學男生平均5小時26分鐘跑完42.2公里後，周邊血液中淋巴細胞PHA或LPS刺激後增殖功能顯著低於跑步前至少24小時；周邊血液中自然殺手細胞毒殺活性跑步後0分顯著高於跑步前，之後持續顯著低於跑步前至少達48小時。結論：一般大學男生42.2公里馬拉松跑步後周邊血液中淋巴細胞增殖功能及自然殺手細胞毒殺活性會分別降低至少24小時及48小時，進行類似活動後應特別注意做好恢復期間之身體保健工作，避免暴露於高感染環境內，均衡的飲食與充裕的休息，以確保長時間運動後免疫抑制期間的身體健康。

Moderate exercise enhances immune function, decreases the risk of infection and maintains health. Exhaustive exercise or over-training is worse than sedentary behavior, it will induce post-exercise immunosppression, decreases immune function, and increases the risk of infection and even cancer. The purposes of this study were to investigate the differences of lymphocyte proliferation and natural killer cytotoxicity in peripheral blood of male college students between, before, and after a 42.2km race. Blood samples were drawn at 30 minutes before and 0 minute, 12 hours, 24 hours, 36 hours and 48 hours after the race from 14 subjects' forearm veins. PHA and LPS were used for assessing lymphocyte proliferation; lyses of 51Cr labeled K562 target cells were used for assessing natural cytotoxicity. Results showed that the lymphocyte proliferation stimulated by PHA and LPS was decreased at least for 24 hours; the natural killer cytotoxicity is increased at 0 minute and decreased at least 48 hours after the race. We concludes that the prolonged exhaustive exercise can induce inhibition in lymphocyte proliferation and natural killer cytotoxicity in peripheral blood of male college students at least 24 hours and 48 after the exercise hours respectively. After completing such an exercise, the athlete is to avoid being exposed to infectious surroundings, keep a balanced diet and enough rest in order to maintain health during the recovery period of the post-exercise immunosuppression.

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