不同運動強度前後不同時間對白血球及淋巴球的影響

Effect of Acute Single Bout of Moderate and High Intensity Exercise on White Blood Cell and Lymphocytes with Different Time

10.5297/ser.200406_6(2).0022

甘能斌(Neng-Pin Kan)；劉介仲(Chieh-Chung Liu)；曾明郎(Ning-Lang Jene)；莊瑞平(Jui-Ping Chuang)

強度 ； 心跳率 ； 白血球 ； 淋巴球 ； intensity ； heart rate ； white blood cell ； lymphocytes

大專體育學刊

6卷2期（2004 / 06 / 01）

261 - 269

繁體中文

本研究的主要目的在探討不同運動強度前後不同時間對白血球及淋巴球的影響。受試者是選自元培科學技術學院高年級興趣選項身運動組之12名男生，平均年齡為20.12±1.17歲，平均身高為171.54±8.12公分，平均體重為76.5±15.38公斤。每位受試對象均須分別進行60-65%HRmax、70-75%HRmax及80-85%HRmax三種不同強度20分鐘之運動，每次運動間隔時間為一週。運動測驗前受試者需在跑步機上步行五分鐘的準備時間，運動負荷為4公里／小時，跑步機保持在0度，五分鐘之後即將負荷調至每分鐘心跳率界於65-65％HRmax(120-130 次／分)、70-75HRmax(140-150 次／分)及80-85HRmax(160-170 次／分)的強度，檢測人員並詳細紀錄每一分鐘心跳脈搏數，直至20分鐘持續跑結束。並分別於運動前10分鐘、運動後7分鐘、運動後1.5小時、運動後3小時及運動後6小時各抽血一次，以分析人體內血球數量的變化情形。並以重復量數單因子變異數分析檢定各樣本是否有差異。結果顯示三種不同強度20分鐘的運動於運動中及運動後，均可促進白血球的增生及進入血流增強抵抗力。但是，運動後淋巴球數量產生稀少的現象，似乎是不可避免的。因此，為了避免長期過度運動造成免疫系統的抑制，訓練者在實施中等強度運動訓練時，至少要有6個小時的休息，才可從事下次的運動。中高強度時則至少要有七個小時，才可從事下次的運動。

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of an acute single bout of endurance exercise with different intensity levels on the human immune system. Twelve male subjects were selected from the senior class of Yuan Pei University of Science and Technology who were interested in body-building, with an average age of 20.12±1.17 years, an average height of 171.54±8.12 centimeters, and an average weight of 76.5±15.38 kilograms. The subjects underwent three different intensity levels of endurance runing, 60-65%HRmax, 70-75%HRmax, 80-85%HRmax all for 20 minutes each with a one-week rest between intervals. Subjects were required to take a 5-minute warm-up walk on the treadmill prior to the exercise experiment. The exercise resistance was 4 km/hour 0% grade, for 0.5 minutes then, resistance aws increased until the heart rate reached 65-%HRmax per minute (120-130 beats per minute), 70-75%HRmax (140-150 beats per minute), and 80-85%HRmax (160-170 beats per minute), all work loads were maintained for 20-minutes respectively. Monitors recorded detailed pulse per minute until a 20-minute continuous run was completed. Blood samples were taken 10 minutes prior to the exercise and 7 minutes, 1.5 hours, 3 hours, and 6 hours after exercise respectively in order to analyze the changes of the clood cell count. The t-test was taken to examine whether there were variations in blood cells under different intei\nsity levels before and after endurance exercise. The results revealed that the number of white blood cells increased significantly 7 minutes after exercise regardless of 60-65%HRmax, 70-75%HRmax, or 80-85%HRmax intensity, signifying that the endurance exercise did enhance the3 proliferation of white blood cells as well as the strength of the immune system. However, it is inevitable that the lymphocyte counts were suppressed during the recovery stage and resulted in a deficiency or lack of lymphocytes. Therefore, to prevent over exercising from suppressing the immune system, the time required to recover from this phenomenon took up to 6 hours at intensity levels of 60-65HRmax and 70-75HRmax and more than 7 hours at the intensity level of 80-85HRmax.

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