英文摘要
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Background: The contents of "Gynecologic diseases" in chapter XXII, Miscellaneous Gynecological Diseases of the Synopsis of the Golden Chamber are considerably confusing thus made clinical interpretations and practicing difficult and inconsistent. Purpose: To identify the missing words and recompose the misplaced paragraphs. Methods: Analyzing articles by comparing different former versions available from different time periods, and comparing syntax and grammar between similar sentences. Result: The pathogenic factors of "Gynecologic diseases" include deficiency of Qi and Blood, obstruction of pathogenic Cold and Qi, which may cause long-term interference with women's menstrual cycle thus leads to irregular menstruation or menopause. When the upper-thoracic cavity is influenced by pathogenic substances, it would result in coughing and sputum secretion, and then gradually lead to pulmonary abscesses and mental and physical health deterioration. When the mid-abdominal cavity is influenced by the pathogenic factors, it would cause intestinal entanglement and herniation pain resulting from Cold around the umbilicus that got transferred to the Viscus. If inflammation occurs, the patient's pulse rate accelerates and skin texture turns rough like fish scales, instead of skin sores. When the lower-abdominal cavity is invaded, patient may suffer from chills and acute pain on Qichong, lumbar spine, coccyx, knee and calf. Diseases of the upper, middle and lower parts of the body occur in both genders, not limited to women. If Qijie is invaded, when in women, it would result in irregular menstruation and dysmenorrhea. Syncope and vertigo may suddenly occur, accompanied by melancholy and irritability during the periods. These are not caused by ghosts or illusions, but symptoms related to gynecologic diseases. Conclusion: 1. "Gynecologic diseases" discuss not only the gynecopathy but the influence of diseases from other systems. 2. The outlines of the three chapters "Gynopathy during pregnancy", "Postpartum diseases", "Miscellaneous gynecological diseases" would still be beneficial for learning gynecopathy, despite that there are some controversies with regards to these articles in the former original book.
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