Ethics Embodied: Re-Thinking Violence, Justice, and Otherness in William Faulkner's "Sanctuary"

體現倫理：再思威廉‧福克納的《聖殿》中的暴力、正義、與他者性

陳信智(Hsin-Chih Chen)

威廉‧福克納 ； 解構 ； 倫理關懷 ； 暴力 ； 正義 ； 與他者性 ； William Faulkner ； deconstruction ； ethical concern ； violence ； justice ； otherness

小說與戲劇

22卷1期（2012 / 12 / 01）

1 - 39

英文

本文嘗試透過德希達的解構視野探討威廉‧福克納《聖殿》中的暴力、正義、與他者性。主要探究文本在充滿政治、歷史、地域衝突的情境中所蘊含的倫理關懷。過去著重於處理暴力的主題性與表面性的批評往往將福克納的《聖殿》窄化為單一語義的暴力之書，因而忽略福克納文本所隱藏未能言說／盡之物。福克納書寫本質中所充滿自我解構疑義的文本特性，將在場的暴力延異出其所相對應不在場的關照他者倫理。一方面透過文本中女主角所展演的傳統南方女性特質，解構其所象徵的神格化暴力南方以及所隱藏自我與他者的複雜倫理關係。另一方面透過文本中承受法律誤判的受害者及其律師對其所展現出的倫理關照，來解構法律的暴力及其與追求不可能的正義之間的悖論，進而彰顯威廉‧福克納的《聖殿》對美國南方暴力文化傳統的批判，藉以強調對他者倫理關照的必要性。

Against the straightforward illustrative and exemplary criticism of Faulkner's ”Sanctuary” as a violent novel, this paper will venture into three pivotally interrelated issues of violence, justice, and otherness from Derrida's deconstruction to investigate how Faulkner's ”Sanctuary” gestures toward an ethics through staging a textual encounter with alterity. In bringing into articulation Faulkner's ethical concern for alterity, this ethical encounter with the text will help not merely to disclose the violence of mystifying the victimization of the other in the construction of the southern belle, but to tackle the problematic relationship of justice to a legal structure as a foundation that articulates violence in its construction. This foregrounding of an ethical concern in William Faulkner's ”Sanctuary”, which addresses the problematic of violence in a deconstructive way, will redress how such an understanding of violence in turn sheds light upon the structural effacement of otherness.

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