题名

道德發展的家庭脈絡因素

并列篇名

The Family Context for Moral Development

DOI

10.6231/CME.2002(11)01

作者

沈六(Liow Sheen)

关键词

道德發展 ; 家庭脈絡 ; 家庭結構 ; 家庭互動 ; 家庭價值觀 ; 父母教養方式 ; 家庭社經地位 ; 家庭哲學 ; 家庭情感 ; family context ; moral development ; family structure ; family interaction ; family communication style ; family philosophy ; family values ; family affection ; family norm ; parents' rearing style ; siblings ; family economic and social status

期刊名称

公民訓育學報

卷期/出版年月

11期(2002 / 02 / 01)

页次

1 - 37

内容语文

繁體中文

中文摘要

本文探究影響道德發展的家庭脈絡因素,此為研究影響道德發展除學校與社會的相關因素之外的又一重要且不可或缺的部分。本文採理論分析法進行文獻探討,以探求影響道德發展的家庭脈絡因素。本文發現除家庭背景因素,包括性別、出生序別、家庭結構、居住區域、父母婚姻狀況、居住狀況、父母教育程度、父母職業等,可能為道德發展的相關因素之外;舉凡家庭哲學、家庭價值、家庭人口、家庭情感、居家環境等皆是影響道德發展的相關因素。

英文摘要

Throughout the last 30 years of moral development theory and research, the conceptual and empirical studies have been on moral development within the context of schooling. However, the family has not received adequate conceptual or empirical attention as a significant context for moral development. The consequence is that the family context for moral development has been relegated to the sidelines. The intent of this study was simply to prompt a renewed look at parents' and the family's role in children's moral development, and to investigate the family context for moral development.

主题分类 社會科學 > 教育學
参考文献
  1. Ambron, S. R.(1973).The relation between role-making and ideology in university students.Journal of Personality,41(4),653-671.
  2. Anderson, J. P.(1988).University of Fordham.
  3. Arsenio, W. F.,Lover, A.,Morality in Everyday Life. M Killen,D. Hart (Eds).(1985).Children`s conceptions of socio-moral affect: happy victimizers, mixed emotions, and other expectancies.,87-128.
  4. Baldwin, A. L.,Kalhoun, J.,Breese, F. H.(1945).Patterns of paent behavior, Psychological Monographs.,58(3)
  5. Bandura, A.(1986).Social foundations of thought aitd action. Englewood cliffs.New Jersey:Prentice-Hall..
  6. Bandura, A.,Walters, R. H.(1963).Social learning and personality development.New York:Rinehart and Winston.
  7. Bar-yam, M.,Kohlberg, L.,Naarme, A.(1980).Moral reasoning of students in different cultural, social and educational setting. American Journal of Education,88(3),345-362.
  8. Baumrind, D.(1967).Child care practices anteceding three patterns of preschool behavior Genetic Psychology Monographs,75,43-88.
  9. Baumrind, D.(1971).Currentt patterns of parental aothority Developmental Psychology Monographs,4,1-103.
  10. Bernards, J.(1997).Family studies: an introduction.NY:Routledge.
  11. Boehm, L.,Nass, M L,D. Rogers (Ed.)(1969).Reading in chiald psychology.California:Brooks Cole.
  12. Bretherton, I.,Water, A. (Eds)(1985).Growing points of attachment theory and research, Monographs of the society for Research in Child Development Serial no.
  13. Brown, G. O.(1990).The relationship between cognitive style, critical thinking and moral reasoning among adolescents. Doctoral Dissertation Lomba Linda University
  14. Comunian, A. L.,Gielen, U. P.(1995).Moral reasoning and prosocial action in Italian culture..The Journal of Social Psychology,135(6),699-707.
  15. Dewey, J.,Tufts, James. H.(1913).Ethics.New York:Henry Holt.
  16. Dolger, L.,Ginandes, L.(1946).Children attitude toward disciphline as related to socioeconomic states. Journal of Experimental Education,15,16-165.
  17. Dunn, J.,Mun, P.(1987).The development of justifications in disputes, Development Psychology,23,781-798.
  18. Edwards, C. P.(1975).The effect of experience on moral develeprnent results from Kenya. Dissertation Abstracts,36,776-a.
  19. Edwards, C. P.(1986).Promoting social and moral development in Young Children: Creative approaches for the classroom.NY:Teacher College Press.
  20. Eisenberg, N.,Fubes, R. A.,Schaller, M.,Carlo, G,Miller, P. A.(1991).The relations of parental characteristics and practices to Children's vicarious emotional responding, Child Development,62,1393-1408.
  21. Eisenberg-Berg, N.,Muessen, P.(1980).Personality correlates of sociopolitical liberalism and conservatism in adolescents. Journal of Genetic Psychology,137,165-177.
  22. Ferri, E.,Smith K.(1996).Parenting in the l990s.London:Family Policy Studies Centre..
  23. Flieshman, H.(1973).Emory University,The effect of age, social-economic status assd IQ on moral judgmenmt.
  24. Freemans, S.J.,Grbink, J. W.(1979).Moral judgment as a functiuon of age, sex and stimulus. Journal of Psychology,102,43-47.
  25. Freud, S.(1933).New introductory lectures on psychoanalysis.New York:Norton.
  26. Garmon, L. C.,Basinger, K. S.,Gregg, V.(1966).Gender differences in stage and expression of moral judgment. Merrill-Palmer Qnarterly.,42,418-437.
  27. Gibbs, J. C.,Arnold, K. D.,Burkhart, J. E.(1984).Sex difference in the expression of moral judgment. Child Development,55,1040-1043.
  28. Grueneich, R.(1982).Issues in the development study of how children use intention and consequence information to make moral evaluations. Child Development,53(1),29-43.
  29. Grusec J.E.,Dix, T.,Mills, R.(1982).The effect of type, severity, and victim of children's transgression on maternal discipline, Canada Journal of Behavioural Science.,14,276-289.
  30. Grusec, J. E.,Goodnow, J. J.(1994).Impact of parental discipline methods on the child's internalization of values, Developmental Psychology,30,4-19.
  31. Haan, N, Smith, M.B.,Block, J.(1968).The moral reasoning of young adult political-social behavior, family background and personality correlation. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,10,183-201.
  32. Halstead, J.M.(1994).Parental choice and education..London:Kongan Page.
  33. Harkness, S.,Super, C.M.(1996).Parents' cultural belief systems; their origins, expressions and consequences..NY:Guildford.
  34. Harrow, M.R.(1934).Social status and the moral development of the child. British Journal of Educational Psychology,1,75-95.
  35. Hart, D.(1988).A longitudinal study of adolescents' socialization and identification as predictors of adult moral judgment development, Merrill-Palmer quarterly,34,245-260.
  36. Hart, D.,Yates, M.,Fegley, S.,Wilson, G.,M. Killen,D. Hart (Eds.)(1995).Morality in everyday life developmental perspectives.New York:Cambridge University Press.
  37. Hartmann, Heinz(1959).Psychoanalysis and values.New York:International University Press.
  38. Hatfield, J.S.,Perguson, L.R.,Alpert, R.(1967).Mother-child interaction and the socialization process. Child Development,38,365-414.
  39. Hersh, R.H.,Paolitto, D.,Reimer, J.(1990).Promoting moral growth: From Piaget to Kohlberg (Rev.ed.) . Prospect Heights..Illinois:Waveland Press.
  40. Hoffman M.L.,P.H. Mussen (Ed.)(1970).Moral development.Carmichael's manual of child psychology.,2
  41. Hoffman M.L.,W. M. Kurtines J.L. Bewirtz (Eds.)(1991).Empathy, social cognition, and moral action.Handbook of Moral Behavior and Development,1,275-301.
  42. Hoffman, M.L.,Saltzstein, H.D.(1967).Parent discipline and the child's moral development, Journal of Personality ,and Social Psychology.,5,45-57.
  43. Holstein, C.E,M.S. Smart,R. C. Smart (Eds.)(1973).The relation of children's moral judgment level to that of their parents and to commuication pattern in the Family.Adolescents: Development and Relationships
  44. Holstein, C.E,M.S. Smart,R. C. Smart (Eds.)(1976).Irreversible, stepwise sequence in the development of moral judgment: A longitudinal study of males and females Child Development,47,51-61.
  45. Jadack, R.A.,Hyde, J.S.,Mooree. C.E.,Keller, M.L.(1955).Moral reasoning about sexually transmitted diseases. Child Development,66(1),67-77.
  46. Johnson, R. C.(1962).A study of children's moral judgment. Child Development,33,327-354.
  47. Kohlberg, L.(1975).The cognitive development approach to moral education, Phi Delta Kappan,56(10),670-677.
  48. Kohlberg, L.(1984).The psychology of moral development.
  49. Kohlberg, L.,D. Goslin (Ed.)(1969).Stage and sequence: The cognitive development approach to socialization.Handbook of socialization theory and research
  50. Kohlberg, L.,M. L. Hoffman,L.W.Hoffman (Eds.)(1964).Development of moral character and moral ideology.Review of Child Development Research,1,383-431.
  51. Krnbs, D.,Gillmore, J.(1982).The relationship among the third stage of cognitive development, role-taking abilities, and moral development. Child Development,53,877-886.
  52. Kuczynski, L.(1984).Socialization goals and mother-child interaction: strategies for long-term and short-term compliance, Developmental Psychology,20,1061-1073.
  53. Kuczynski, L.(1982).Intensity and orientation of reasoning: motivational determinants of children's compliance to verbal rationales, Journal of Experimental Child Psychology.,34,357-370.
  54. Kuhn, D.,Longer, J.,Kohlberg, L.,Haan, N. S.(1977).The development of formal operations in logical and moral judgment, Genetic Psychology Monographs,95,97-188.
  55. Lamborn, S. D.,Mounts, M.S.,Steinberg, L.,Dornbush, S.M.(1991).Patterns of competence and adjustment among adolescents from ,authoritative. Authoritarian, indulgent, and neglectful families. Child Development,62,1049-1065.
  56. Logan, R.(1990).Autonomous versus heteronomous moral judgment types: A Longitdinal cross cultures study. Journal of Cross Cultural Psychology,21(1),71-89.
  57. Lollis, S.,Ross, H.,Le Roux, L.(1996).An observational sturdy of parents' socialization of moral orientation during sibling conflict, Merrill-Palmer Quarterly,42,475-494.
  58. McMahon, T.R.(1993).The relationship between moral development and personality type of university undergraduates. Dissertation Abstracts International,53(11),3581A.
  59. Medinnus, G.R.(1966).Behavioral and cognitive measures of conscience development, Joural Genetic Psychology,109,147-150.
  60. Midgley, M.,Hughes, J.,B. Almond (Ed.)(1995).Trouble with families?.Introducing applied Ethics,17-32.
  61. Moran,J.D.(1981).Influence of structured group experience on moral judgments of preschool. Paper presented at the meeting of the international society for the study of behavior development
  62. Nisan, M.,Kohlberg, L.(1982).University and cross-cultural variation in moral develo9pment. A longitudinal and cross-sectional study in Turkey. Child Development,53,865-876.
  63. Nola,A.J.(1973).Moral judgment and its relation to family euvironmental factors in Indian and American families. Child Development,53,865-876.
  64. Okin. S.(1989).Justice, gender, and the family.New York:Basic Books.
  65. Parkih, B.(1980).Development of moral judgment and its relation to family environmental factors in Indian and American families Child Development,53,865-867.
  66. Perez, D. E.,Oliver, J.C.(1995).The influence of age formal education on moral reasoning in a sample from Spain Journal of Moral Education.,24,67-72.
  67. Piaget, J.(1932).The moral judgment of the child.New York:Free Press.
  68. Piaget, J.(1969).Genetic Epistemology. Columbia Forum
  69. Podd, M.H.(1973).Ego identity status and morality: The relationship between two developmental constructs. Developmental Psychology,6,486-507.
  70. Powers, S.I.(1988).Moral judgment development within the family, Journal of Moral Education,17,209-219.
  71. Pradhan, N.,Ponda, A.K.(1997).Moral judgment of tribal secondary school children in relation to their sex. Indian Journal of Psychometry and Education,27(1),21-25.
  72. Rest, J.R.(1980).Moral judgment research and the cognitive-development approach to moral education. The Personnel and Guidance Journal,59(9),602-605.
  73. Rest, J.R.,Morality.J.H. Flavell,E.M. Markman (Eds.)(1983).Handbook of child psychology,3,556-706.
  74. Richard, H.C.(1984).Moral reasoning and classroom conduct: A replication. (ERIC Document Reproduct Service No. ED251196
  75. Robin, K.H.,Schneider, F.W.(1973).The relationship between moral judgment egocentrism, and altruistic behavior. Child Development,44,661-665.
  76. Rogers, D.(1969).Reading in child psychology. Belmont,.California:Book and Cole.
  77. Rudy, D.,Grusec, J.E.,Martin, T,J.F. Grusec,L. Knczynski (Eds.)(1997).Parenting and Children`s internalization of values.New York:Wiley.
  78. Selman, R L.(1971).The relation of role-taking to the development of moral judgment in children. Child Development,42,79-91.
  79. Smart, M.S.,Smart, R. C.(1973).Adolescents: Development and Relationships..New York:MacMillan..
  80. Smetana, J.G.(1995).Parenting styles, and conceptions of parental authority during adolescence, Child Development,66,299-316.
  81. Steinberg, L.,Mounts, N.D.,Lamborn, S D.,Dornbusch, S.M.(1991).Authoritative parenting and adolescent adjustment across vared ecological niches, Journal of Research on Adolesceoce,1,19-36.
  82. Sullivan, E.A.,McCullough, G.,Stager, M.A.(1970).A development study of the relationship between conceptual ego and moral development Children Development,41,399-411.
  83. Tracy, J.J.,Cross, J.J.(1973).Antecedents of shift in moral judgment Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,26,238-244.
  84. Turiel, E.,W. Daman (Ed.)(1998).The development of morality.Handbook of child psychology.Social, emotional, and personality development,3,863-932.
  85. Vanden, D.L.(1968).A development study of ego-ideals Genetic Psychology Monographs,78,191-256.
  86. Wainryb, C.,Turiel, E.(1994).Dominance, Subordination, and the development of moral reasoning, Child Development.,62,264-283.
  87. Walker, L. J.,Henunig, K.H.,S. Hala (Ed)(1999).Parenting style and the development of moral reasoning, Journal of Moral Education,28,359-374.
  88. Walker, L. J.,Henunig, K.H.,S. Hala (Ed)(1997).Moral Functioning in the broader context of personality.The Developoment of Social cognition,297-327.
  89. Walker, L.J.(1984).Sex difference in the development of moral reasoning and career values:A critical review. Child Development,55,677-691.
  90. Walker, L.J.,Richards, B.D.(1976).Stimulating transitions in moral reasoning as a function of stage of cognitive development. Developmental Psychology,15,95-103.
  91. White, P.(1983).Beyond domination: an essay in the political philosophy of education..London:Routledge.
  92. Windmiller, M.,J.F. Adams (Ed.)(1976).Moral development.Understanding ,adolescence: Current developments in Adolescent(3rd ed ),176-198.
  93. Yarrow, M.R.,Waxler, C Z.,Scott, P.M.(1971).Child effects on adult behavior, Developmental psychology,5,300-311.
  94. Yussen, S.R.(1976).Moral reasoning from the perspective of others, Child Development,47,551-555.
  95. Zahn-Waxler C.,Chapman,M.(1982).Immediate antecedent of caretaker's methods of discipline Child Psychiatry and Human Development,12,179-192.
  96. Zahn-Waxler, C.,Radke-Yarrow, M.,King, R.A.(1979).Child rearing and Children's prococial initiations towards victims of distress child Development,50,319-330.
  97. Zeidner, M.(1988).Moral judgment patterns of university candidates: some Israeli findings.Journal of Cross Cultural Psychology,19(1),114-124.
  98. 王鍾和(1993)。博士論文(博士論文)。台北,政治大學教育研究所。
  99. 李鴻章(2000)。出生背景、教育程度與道德判斷之相關研究。教育研究資訊,8(2),147-171。
  100. 沈六(1986)。道德發展與行為之研究。台北:水牛。
  101. 沈六、黃昆輝編(1993)。人本主義的道德發展論與教育,美育與人生。台北:三民。
  102. 周逸芬、陶淑玫編譯(1991)。發展與輔導。台北:五南圖書。
  103. 林益慶(1999)。影響中小學生道德判斷的因素。台灣教育,587,44-50。
  104. 張鳳燕(1995)。博士論文(博士論文)。國立政治大學教育研究所。
  105. 陳英豪(1997)。我國青少年道德判斷的發展及其影響的因素。高雄師院學報,6,93-159。
  106. 單文經(1982)。道德教育初探。高雄:復文圖書。
  107. 黃拓榮(1997)。國中生父母管教方式、自我概念、失敗容忍力與偏差行為關係之研究。教育資料文摘,40(3),114-134。
  108. 黃迺毓(1988)。家庭教育。台北:五南圖書。
  109. 楊雅雯(1994)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。文化大學家政研究所。
  110. 劉慈慧(2000)。社經地位與教養關係相關文默的評析與再思。新竹師範學院學報,13,359-374。
  111. 歐陽教(1976)。道德判斷與道德教學。台北:文景。
  112. 蔡文輝(1993)。社會學。台北:三民。
被引用次数
  1. 黃漢龍、陳鳳如(2010)。臺中市國小學生的道德發展現況及相關影響因素之研究。臺中教育大學學報:教育類,24(1),79-106。
  2. 潘裕豐,洪欣妤(2022)。國小資優生道德認知對新冠疫情病患態度之現況與其關聯:以對新冠疫情之情緒為調節變項。教育科學研究期刊,67(4),143-175。
  3. (2023)。國小高年級生關懷與正義兩難情境道德判斷之研究。教育研究學報,57(2),1-26。
  4. (2024)。道德議題反思教學提升國中生道德思辨與道德行動力之成效。課程與教學,27(1),183-216。