網際空間與網際公民資質之探討及其教育蘊義

In Exploration of the Concepts of the Cyberspace and Netizenship and the Educational Implication

10.6231/CME.2003(13)04

洪如玉(Ruyu Hung)

網際空間 ； 電子前線基金會 ； 網際公民 ； 網際公民資質 ； cyberspace ； Electronic Frontier Foundation (EFF) ； netizen ； netizenship

公民訓育學報

13期（2003 / 01 / 01）

81 - 105

繁體中文

本文主旨在於探討網際公民資質的意含及其在教育上之蘊義。網際空間起因於二十世紀晚期網際網路之發達新興概念，在此新空間，蘊含著新興「公共領域」以及新公民－網際公民－之可能性，在教育上應有相應的反省與實踐。本文分為五部分，首先是緒論；第二部分釐清網際空間與網際公民的意義，在此我們採取Habermas的公共領域概念與科技烏托邦主義、反科技烏托邦主義為分析架構，說明網際空間的結構與內涵；第三部分以全球第一個網際公民組織「電子前線基金會」（Electronic Frontier Foundation: EFF）為例，說明與網際公民權利之相關爭議。本研究認、為科技烏托邦主義與反科技烏托邦主義從不同角度探討網際公民與相關概念，要建立健全的網際公民必須各取所長。第四部份指出網際空間之根本在於實質空間，建構理想網際公民資質必須奠基於真實生活中理想社群與公民資質，這正是網際公民教育今後必須注意之處。結論部份指出研究限制與未來展望。

This paper aims at explicating the concepts of ”cyberspace” and ”netizenship' and the related educational implication. The Internet has become a part of our life. On the internet emerges the cyberspace which provides us with a new sphere to have work, life and fun. Cyberspace makes possible the virtually public sphere and the new citizenship, namely the 'netizenship.'There are five parts of this essay. The first part is the introduction. The second part takes notions of Habermas' public sphere, the technotopianism and the aniti-technotopianism to formulate an analysis framework of the cyberspace. The third part turns to the case of the Electronic Frontier Foundation(EFF) to reveal the debates about the netizenship. The definition of the netizen is still on the way. However, the understanding of the cyberspace cannot be separated from that of the physical space. The appropriate development of netizenship must depend on the sound citizen education off the line. Consequently, the forth part proposes some suggestions for the future civic education. The last part concludes with the limitation and the future direction of the research.

1. Declaration of the Independence for Cyberspace
2. Barlow, J. P.,Peter Ludlow(edited)(1996).High Noon on the Electronic Frontier: Conceptual Issues in Cyberspace.Cambridge:MiT Press.
3. Barwell, G.,Bowles, K.,David Bell(edited),Barbara M.(2000).The Cybercultures Reader.Kennedy, London & New York:Rouledge.
4. Benedikt, M.(1992).Cyberspace: First Steps.(ed ).London, Cambridge:MIT Press.
5. Benedikt. M.(1992).Cyberspace: First Steps.(ed.).London, Cambridge:MIT Press.
6. Boyer, M. C.(1996).Cybercities: Visual Perception in the Age of Electronic Communication.New York:Princeton Architectural Press.
7. Bromberg, H.,Rob Shields(edited)(1996).Cultures of Internet.London:SAGE Publication.
8. Calhoun, C.,Craig Calhoun(edited)(1989).Habermas and the Public Sphere.Cambridge:MIT Press.
9. Conover, Pamela Johnston(1995).Citizen Identities and Conception of Self.The Journal of Political Philosophy,3(2),133-165.
10. EFF`s Top 12 Ways to Protect Your Own Privacy
11. About EFF
12. Giddens, A.(1990).The Consequences of Modernity.Cambridge:Polity Press.
13. Habermas, J.,Craig Calhoun(edited)(1992).Habermas and the Public Sphere.Cambridge:MIT Press.
14. Habermas, J.,T. McCarthy(translated)(1975).Legitimation Crisis.Boston:Beacon Press.
15. Habermas, J.,Thomas Burger with the assistance of Fredrick Lawrence(translated)(1989).The Structural Transformation of the Public Sphere: An Inquiry into a Category of Bourgeois Society.Cambridge:Polity Press.
16. Hamelink, C. J.(2000).The Ethics of Cyberspace.London, Thousand Oaks, New Delhi:SAGE Publications.
17. Netizens: On the History and Impact of the Net
18. MaCarrou, K.,Mike Feather(Edited),Roger Burrows(1995).Cyberpace/Cyberbodies/Cyberpunk: Cultures of Technological Embodiment.London:SAGE Publicstions.
19. Marshall, T. H.(1950).Citizenship and Social Class.Cambridge:The Cambridge University Press.
20. McLuhan, M.(1964).Understanding Media: the Extension of Man.New York:Macmillan.
21. Nakamura, L.,David Bell(edited),Barbara M. Kennedy(2000).The Cybercultures Reader.London & New York:Rouledge.
22. Rheingoid, H.(1994).The Virtual Community: Homesteading on the Electronic Frontier.New York, NY:Harper Perennial.
23. Robins, K.,David Bell(edited),Barbara M.(2000).The Cybercultures Reader.Kennedy, London & New York:Rouledge.
24. Sardar, Z.,David Bell(edited),Barbara M.(2000).The Cybercultures Reader.Kennedy, London & New York:Rouledge.
25. Sorkin, M.,M. Sorkin(edited)(1992).Variations on a Theme Park.New York:Farrar, Straits & Giroux.
26. 毛榮富(2001)。從APARNET到沖繩IT憲章。思與言，39(1)，29-87。
27. 王佳煌(2000)。資迅社會學。台北:學富。
28. 李禮君(1995)。婦女與兩性學刊。台北:台大人口研究中心婦女研究室。
29. 夏鑄九譯、Manuel Castells著(2000)。資訊時代：經濟、社會與文化第一卷：網絡社會之崛起。台北:唐山。
30. 張秀雄(1999)。我們要培養怎樣的公民資質。國立編譯館通訊，12(4)，40-49。
31. 陳豐偉、孫窮理、卞中佩、張正揚(2000)。網路媒體與社會運動座談會。新聞學研究，62，187-197。
32. 馮建三譯、Frank Webster著(1999)。資訊社會理論。台北:遠流。
33. 翟本瑞(2000)。教育與社會：迎接資訊時代的教育社會學反省。台北:揚智。
34. 劉北成譯、Jürgen Habermas著(1994)。合法性危機。台北:桂冠。
35. 談谷錚譯、J.M. Barbalet著(1991)。公民資格。台北:桂冠。
36. 薛絢譯、Margaret Wertheim著(1999)。空間地圖：從但丁的空間到網路的空間。台北:商務。