中文摘要
|
由於美國聖公會中國差會,是基督新教自英國倫敦會馬禮遜(Robert Morrison, 1782-1834)在1807年入華傳教以來,最早的九個新教傳教團體中的一個。同時,該會也是美國傳教團體最早來華開拓傳教事業的三個團體中的一個。本論文以施約瑟主教(Samuel I. J. Schereschewsky, 1831-1906)個人與聖公會中國差會所屬其他傳教士的互動,來勾勒基督新教傳教團體在十九世紀中葉開拓中國教會事業時,所經歷傳教策略調適的歷程。論文的立論(thesis)核心,在論述施約瑟身為會吏及會長階段,對聖公會在華教務的觀察,以及他藉由譯經工作,對中國文化及中國人習性的認知。這些觀察與認知漸漸形成他對中國差傳的傳教策略的基調。在他接任主教之後,著重語言與教育雙重管道來發展該會在中國的傳教事業。此種基調促使他調整及修正聖公會在華傳教策略,並引起該會其他在華傳教士的不滿。由十九世紀中葉施約瑟與聖公會在中國差傳上所做的策略調適,可看出聖公會一方面為在中國的傳教事業尋求新的基礎;另一方面,該會的個案也反映基督新教各傳教團體在第一次全國教務會議前後,所面對在華教務發展上的傳教策略問題。傳教士之間因傳教策略所發生的爭議,展現他們認識中國文化的程度差異,和他們在高唱的傳教精神背後的掙扎。從傳教士的角度來看,不同於過去研究中所強調,傳教士的作為皆是文化帝國主義的展現。聖公會的個案呈現出傳教士本身,在中西文化交流和對話上,也有其困難和瓶頸。
|
参考文献
|
-
(1880).The Protestant Episcopal Church in the United States of America.Journal of the Proceedings of the Bishops, Clergy, and Laity of the Protestant Episcopal Church in the United States of America
-
The Domestic and Foreign Missionary Society of the American Episcopal Church, 1836-1900.The Spirit of Missions, a missionary journal of domestic and foreign missions of the Episcopal Church.
-
(1835).The Protestant Episcopal Church in the United States of America.Journal of the Proceedings of the Bishops, Clergy, and Laity of the Protestant Episcopal Church in the United States of America
-
The Domestic and Foreign Missionary Society of the American Episcopal Church, 1 876.The file of Bishop Channing M Williams (RG72-22), a special collection of missionary correspondence and work reports in Japan.
-
The Domestic and Foreign Missionary Society of the American Episcopal Church, 1835-1900."China Papers," Period A, Shanghai (RG64), a special collection of missionary correspondence and work reports in China.
-
(1877).General Conference of the Protestant Missionaries in China.Records of the General Conference of the Protestant Missionaries in China, Held at Shanghai,Shanghai:
-
Ahlstrom, Sydney E.(1972).A Religious History of American People.New Haven, Conn.:Yale University Press.
-
Baldwin, Stephen L. (ed.)(1877).Chinese Recorder.Foochow:Rozarie Marcal & Co.
-
Emery, Julia C. A.(1921).Century of Endeavor 1821-1 921: A Record of the First Hundred Years of the Domestic and Foreign Missionary Society of the Protestant Episcopal Church in the United States of America.N.Y.:The Department of Missions.
-
Fairbank, John King (ed.)(1974).The Missionary Enterprise in China and America.Cambridge, Mass.:Harvard Univ. Press.
-
Latourette, Kenneth S.(1929).A History of Christian Missions in China.N.Y.:Russell & Russell.
-
Lin, Mei-Mei(1994).Texas, U.S.A.,History Department, University of Texas at Austin.
-
Martin, William A. P.(1896).A Cycle of Cathay.N.Y.:Fleming H. Revell..
-
Muller, James Arthur(1937).Apostle of China: Samuel Isaac Joseph Schereschewsky 1831-1906.N.Y.:Morehouse Publishing Co.
-
Nelson, Robert(1883).his letter to A. A. Hayes (Brooklyn, N.Y., 20 March 1883) , Robert Nelson's papers (39.1 N34).Virginia, U.S.A.:William and Mary College.
-
Stampp, Kenneth M.(1965).The Era of Reconstruction 1865-1877.N.Y.:Vintage Books.
-
Teng, Ssu-yu(1961).The Nien Army and Their Guerilla Warfare, 1851-1868.Paris:Mouton.
-
Wright, Mary C.(1957).The Last Stand of Chinese Conservatism: The T`ung-Chih Restoration, 1862-1874.Stanford, Ca.:Stanford University Press.
-
Wylie, Alexander(1867).Memorial of Protestant Missionaries to the Chinese: Giving a List of Their Publications, and Obituary Notices of the Deceased with Copious Indexes.Shanghai:American Presbyterian Mission Press.
-
Wylie, Alexander(1967).Memorial of Protestant Missionaries to the Chinese: Giving a List of Their Publications, and Obituary Notices of the Deceased with Copious Indexes.Taipei:Cheng-Wen Publishing Co..
-
朱友漁整理、徐以驊譯、丁日初主編(1997)。吳虹玉牧師自傳。近代中國。
-
林美玫(2001)。文惠廉主教與聖公會在華事業的開創:十九世紀中葉美國基督新教與中國文化的接觸與對話。台灣宗教研究,1(2),1-42。
-
林美玫(1984)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。台北,國立政治大學歷史所。
-
林美玫(1999)。基督教在華傳教檔案介紹―以美國聖公會「中國差傳檔案」為例。中國近代史研究通訊,27,108-127。
-
施約瑟(1927)。淺文理聖經二指版。上海:美華聖經會。
-
徐以驊、丁日初主編(2000)。顏永京與聖公會。近代中國。
-
郭廷以(1994)。近代中國史綱。台北:曉園出版社。
-
聖約翰大學校友會編印(1972)。聖約翰大學五十年史略(一八七九到一九二九)。
-
趙維本(1993)。譯經溯源:現代五大中文聖經翻譯史。香港:中國神學研究院。
|