熊十力之“托孔”外王觀探論－以“曲經致用”為主軸

Discussion on Hsiung Shih-li's Perspective on Wai Wang Based on "Tuo Kong" with Focus on "Chu Jing Chi Yong"

10.6973/CJ.200512.0139

王汝華(Zu-Hua Wang)

今文經學 ； 外王 ； 托孔 ； 曲經致用 ； 熊十力 ； School of New Text Confucianism a school on the study of ancient books ； as oppose to School of Old Text Confucianism ； Wai Wang a political ideal to achieve national prosperity ； Tuo Kong entrust to Confuc

國文學誌

11期（2005 / 12 / 01）

139 - 174

繁體中文

以體用哲學的建置，在民國學術界居立一席之地，並成爲當代新儒家奠基者的黃岡熊十力先生，曾以「余平生之學，宗主孔子。」道出孔子即是其爲學的理想歸嚮，而其畢生職志，亦以聖人精神的重建及顯揚爲要務。本文以熊十力的「托孔」外王觀爲析論重點，透過熊十力原著的全面檢視；酌採群經與清季今文學派等歷史文獻；參稽當代學者相關論點，分由其「托孔」外王觀的蔚成因素、內涵與迴響等三大面向入探，藉窺熊十力「托孔」的多重成因與意義，以及其究竟如何因應時需，重塑孔子形象？究竟如何「曲經致用」，建置外王體系之學？又其「托孔」背後蘊藏的，究竟是一種純粹虛構的荒謬？抑或終極的理想依托？

Hsiung Shih-li, who was renowned for founding ”Essence-Foundation Philosophy” in the academia and as the founder of the New Confucian School, once said, ”I devote my life to academic study for I attempt to emulate Confucius.” As seen from his words, Confucius is the ideal of Hsiung Shih-li's commitment to academic study, and Hsiung Shih-li dedicates himself to glorifying the spirit of Confucius. This paper discusses Hsiung Shih-li's perspective on Wai Wang (political view) based on ”Tuo Kong (entrust to Confucius)” by studying Hsiung Shih-li's work, ancient Books (such as I-Ching, Chun Chiu), information on School of New Text Confucianism of the late Ching Dynasty (compared with the School of Old Text Confucianism). It draws reference on the viewpoints of contemporary scholars and discusses the top in three main directions to probe into the cause, meaning, content of Hsiung Shih-li's perspective on Wai Wang based on ”Tuo Kong”. It looks into the questions of how Hsiung Shih-li rebuilt the image of Confucius, how to change the original meaning of the ancient books for practical purpose, and whether Hsiung Shih-li's ”Tuo Kong” was a fictitious and absurd act or an act to achieve his ideal.

1. (1996)。船山全書。長沙:嶽麓書社。
2. 〈樂記〉，《禮記》
3. (1996)。船山全書。長沙:嶽麓書社。
4. (1987)。黃宗羲全集。台北:里仁書局。
5. 〈憲問〉，《論語》
6. 清顏元(1966)。存學編。台北:台灣商務印書館。
7. 清顏元(1966)。存學編。台北:台灣商務印書館。
8. 清顧炎武(1979)。原抄本顧亭林日知錄。台北:文史哲出版社。
9. 徐復觀(1994)。中國人性論史‧先秦篇。台北:台灣商務印書館。
10. 梁漱溟(1989)。憶熊十力先生。台北:明文書局。
11. 郭齊勇(1993)。熊十力思想研究。天津:天津人民出版社。
12. 熊十力(1984)。明心篇。台北:台灣學生書局。
13. 熊十力(1989)。十力語要。台北:明文書局。
14. 熊十力(1988)。讀經示要。台北:明文書局。
15. 熊十力(1987)。讀經示要。台北:明文書局。
16. 熊十力(1982)。十力語要初續。台北:洪氏出版社。
17. 熊十力(1987)。原儒。台北:明文書局。
18. 熊十力(1987)。讀經示要。台北:明文書局。
19. 熊十力(1988)。論六經。台北:明文書局。
20. 翟志成(1993)。當代新儒學史論。台北:允晨文化實業股份有限公司。
21. 蔡仁厚(1987)。熊十力先生學行年表。台北:明文書局。
22. 蕭萐父編(2001)。熊十力全集。武漢:湖北教育出版社。
23. 龔鵬程(1987)。論熊十力論張江陵。晚明思潮與社會變動，台北: