清初直臣之冠魏象樞及其理學思想

The Honest Mandarin Wei Xang-Shu and his Neo-Confucian thought

10.6973/CJ.200712.0091

楊菁(Yan Chang)

魏象樞 ； 寒松堂全集 ； 清初理學 ； Wei Xang-Shu ； The Complete Works of Harn-Song-Tarng ； Neo-Confucianism in the early Qing Dynasty

國文學誌

15期（2007 / 12 / 01）

91 - 136

繁體中文

魏象樞為清初有名的理學名儒，他仕宦於順治、康熙二朝，在位時，不僅正直敢言，且提出許多具體的施政建言與措施，並重視君道、臣道及禮義教化的重要，將儒者外王的理想具體地付諸實踐。在學問上，他以理學自持，不喜談本體論等抽象及玄虛問題，強調實理實學，一生以躬行實踐為目標。在修養工夫上，強調存天理、去人欲，毋自欺、重誠敬，以及學而時習的重要。他一生尚名節，重道義，能將理學學養及儒者的理想性格貫徹於政治施為，實是清初有為有守的直臣楷模。

Wei Xang-Shu, a famous honest Confucian and Neo-Confucian in the reign of Shunzhi and Kangxi, advocated many concrete proposals about public policy substantiating the doctrine of Confucianism. He concerned these issues: what is the best way of a monarch, what is a competent minister, how to device an educational system teaching proper propriety, ceremony and justice and how to cultivate a philosopher who can integrate cultivating character with managing family, state and the world. He concentrated on Neo-Confucianism rather than Ontology being extremely mysterious, empty and abstruse. He respected truth and concrete learning, and practiced in accordance with what he preaches. He emphasized these moral convictions: esteeming the natural law and reducing One's selfishness, not to deceive oneself, respecting the sincerity and appreciation for the whole creation, and learning what one has learnt repeatedly. Throughout his life, he though highly of his reputation, morality and justice. He realized his profound Neo-Confucian accomplishment and Confucian character in political policy. With honest character, great capability of accomplishing things and keeping bright administrative achievement, he deserves the most excellent official paragon in the early Qing Dynasty.

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