《全明散曲》中帶過曲之研究－元明帶過曲使用情況之考察

The search of 《Quan Ming San Cyu》 the medium Driving Song-the investigation of the Ming Dynasty Driving Song usage of the Yuan Dynasty

10.6973/CJ.200812.0059

高美華(Mei-Hua Kao)

帶過曲 ； 摘調 ； 小令 ； 套數 ； 南北合套 ； Driving Song ； jhai diao ； siao ling ； tao shu ； the Ji Cyu of north and south

國文學誌

17期（2008 / 12 / 01）

59 - 89

繁體中文

本論文以《全元散曲》、《全明散曲》為範圍，考察帶過曲在元、明兩代使用的情形，透過列表歸納、統計、比較，呈現其間的承遞和變化。元帶過曲使用的曲牌有二十七支。明帶過曲有二十九支，有十四種沿用元代曲牌、十五種新增，有十三種元代曲調在明代已未見使用。明帶過曲不同於元代的現象有三：一是曲牌名稱的突破與創新，二是帶過曲體製的擴充與南北兼帶，三是帶過曲用於散套，見於北套、南北合套之外，還見於南曲散套。其間作家以朱有燉、康海、馮惟敏、趙南星最具影響與代表性。大抵而言，明代前期以帶過曲作為小令支曲單獨創作，後期則以置入套曲為主流。明代帶過曲所做的突破，實受南集曲與南北合套之影響，且出於少數作家之所為，並不能蔚為風氣。在北曲帶過曲的創作領域，大部分作品仍謹守北曲法度，是涇渭分明、南北有度的。

This thesis with 《Quan Ming San Cyu》, 《The Ming Dynasty san cyu》for scope, investigate the Driving Song in two situations of usages of the Yuan Dynasty, Ming Dynasty, via tabulate absorption, statistics, comparison, present the in the interval to accept to pass and change. The cyu pai of the Yuan Dynasty Driving Song usage contain 27s. Ming Dynasty Driving Song contain 29s, having 14 kinds of follow to use a song card, 15 kinds of add, have 13 kinds of melodies and have already did not see the usage in Ming Dynasty generation. Ming Dynasty Driving Song differs from the phenomenon of the generation of the Yuan Dynasty to have three: While being the breakthrough and innovation of the cyu pai denomination, the second is the Driving Song body in addition to making of the expand and south are north and bring, the third is a Driving Song in addition to being used for spreading the set, see in the north set, south north in addition to matching the set, also is seen in the south song to spread the set. The mediate writers, Jhu You Dun, Kang Hai, Fong Wei Min, Jhao Nan Sing, have the most impact and representative. Generally speaking, in the early Ming, the Driving Song had been composed in the form of single siao ling; and in the late Ming, it had been mainstreamly composed in tao cyu. The breakthrough of the Ming Driving Song, actually is subjected to the south Ji Cyu and the Ji Cyu of north and south. Proceeded by few composers, it still couldn’t lead the way. Creations realm in north Driving Song, greatly parts of works still adhere strictly to the north code, is entirely definite and has its own code within north and south.

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