青少年同儕衝突、因應策略及其相關因素之探討

Exploring the Relationships among Peer conflict, Coping Strategies, and Related Factors

10.7040/GJ.200206.0163

黃德祥(Der-Hsiang Huang)；李介至(Jie-Zhi Lee)

同儕衝突 ； 因應策略 ； 自我中心 ； Peer conflict ； Coping strategies ； Egocentrism

彰化師大輔導學報

23期（2002 / 06 / 01）

163 - 195

繁體中文

本研究主要目的在探討當前青少年與同儕之間的衝突事件為何，青少年北景變項在同儕衝突各議題上之差異，以及探討影響青少年對於衝突因應選擇之主要因素為何。 本研究隨機抽取中部地區六所國中共386名受試者，以自編「青少年背景調查表」、「同儕衝突檢核表」、「衝突因應量表」、「青少年自我中心量表」為研究工具，經由次數分配、單因子變異分析與逐步多元迴歸等統計分析，本研究主要發現如下： 一、青少年之間主要因意見不合、亂罵人、惡作劇、有點笨、功課不好、自私、侮辱人、不負責、打小報告、沒公德心等而產生衝突。 二、不同性別在「偏差行為」、「虛榮」等衝突議題上有顯著差異；不同學業成就組別在「偏差行為」、「課業與家境」等衝突議題上有顯著差異；不同自我中心組別在「勢利」、「不適當行為」、「虛榮」等議題上造成差異。至於年級、社會吸引與人際關係等變項在衝突各議題並無顯著不同。 三、性別、學業成就、不適當行為議題等變項對於合作型策略最具有預測力；不適當行為議題、自我中心、性別、學業成就等變項對於競爭型策略最具有預測力；自我中心、課業與家境議題對於逃避策略較具有預測力。本研究並根據研究結果，對教育與輔導相關人員提出建議。

The present purpose of the research is exploring the main issues and related problems of peer conflict and trying to understand what factors are the statistical predictors of the choice of conflict coping strategies. The study sample consists of 386 junior high school students in middle Taiwan. And the date is analyzed by using descriptive statistics method, One-way ANOVA and step-wise regression. The major findings are as follows: 1. The criticism, devilment, stupid, low academic achievement, selfish, insult, irresponsibility, snitch information, and immorality are the main issues of peer conflict. 2. The variable of adolescent gender has statistically significant significant differences on the factors of vanity and deviant behavior. The variable of different academic achievement groups has statistically significant differences on the conflict issues of personal deviant behavior, grade and family financial situation. The variable of different egocentric groups has statistically significant differences on the conflict issues of personal vanity, snobbish and inappropriate behavior. There were no significant differences existed among the variables of academic achievement, social attraction and interpersonal relation on any conflict factors. 3. Third, the variables of sex, academic achievement and disorder can predict the cooperative strategy statistically. The variables of disorder, egocentricity, sex, and academic achievement can predict the competitive strategy statistically. The variables of egocentricity, grade and family financial situation can predict the avoid strategy. According to research conclusions, this study provides some suggestions for related educators and counselors.

1. 中時晚報,2001/02/27
2. Adams, R.,Laursen, B.(2001).The organization and dynamics of adolescent conflict with parents and friends.Journal of Marriage & the family,63,97-111.
3. Alison, L M.,Sheryl, L. O.(2000).Emotional expressiveness during peer conflicts: A predictor of social maladjustment among high-risk preschoolers.Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology,28,339-352.
4. Anderson, D. R.(2000).Character Education. Who is responsible?.Journal of Instructional Psychology,27,139-143.
5. Bickmore, K.(1999).Student conflict resolution, power "sharing" in schools. and citizenship education.ERIC Document Reproduction Service
6. Black, K. A.(2000).Gender differences in adolescents` behavior during conflict resolution tasks with best friends.Adolescence,35,499-513.
7. Canary, D. J.,Cupach, W. R.,Messman, S. J.(1995).Relationship conflict: Conflict in parent-child, friendship, and romantic relationships.London:Sage.
8. Carroll. A.,Durkin, K.,Hattie, J.,Houghton. S.(1997).Goal setting among adolescents: A comparison of delinquent, at risk, anti not-at-risk youth.Journal of Educational Psychology,89,441-450.
9. Collins, W. A.,Laursen. B.(1997).Conflict processes and transitions in parent and friends.Journal of Adolescent Research,12,178-199.
10. Conger, J. J.,Galambos, N. L.(1996).Adolescenee and Youth: Psychological development in a changing world.New York:Addison-Wesley Educational.
11. Fanshawe, J. P.,Burnett, P. C.(1991).Assessing school-related stressors and coping mechanisms in adolescents.British Journal of Educational Psychology,61,92-98.
12. Hagener D.,Jackson, G.,Lohr. C.,Stenger, P.(1998).The power of positive peer insteraction.ERIC Document Reproduction Service.
13. Johnson, J.,Reed, F.(1996).Improving student`s ability to resolve conflict.ERIC Document Reproduction Service.
14. Kendra, D. D.,Tina, D.(2000).Children`s social cognitions: Physically and relationally aggressive strategies and children`s goals in peer conflict situations.Merrill-Palmer Quarterly,46,672-685.
15. Kimmel, D. C.,Weiner I. B.(1996).Adolescence: A development transition.Hillisdale, NJ:Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Publishers..
16. Lane-Garon, P. S.,Nelsen, E. A.(1998).An exploration of children`s strategy choices for resolving.ERIC Document Reproduction Service.
17. Laursen, B.,Hartup, W. W.,Koplas, A. L.(1996).Towards understanding peer conflict.Merrill-Palmer Quarterly,42,76-102.
18. Laursen. B.,W. M. Bukowski.,A. F. Nnewcomb.,Hartup, W. W. (Ed.)(1996).The company they keep: Friendship in childhood and adolescence.New York:Ridge Press.
19. LeBoeuf, D.,Delany-Shabazz. R. V.(1997).Conflict resolution.ERIC Document Reproduction Service.
20. Ma, H. K.,Shek, D. T. L.(1996).The relation of prosocial and antisocial behavior to personality and peer relationships of Hong Kong.Journal of Genetic Psychology,157,255-267.
21. McWhirter, J. J.,McWhirter B. T,McWhirter, A. M.,McWhirter, E. H.(1998).At risk youth: A comprehensive response.Pacific Grove, Calif:Cole.
22. Messman, S. J.,Mikesell. R. L.(2000).Competition and interpersonal conflict in slating relationships..Communication Reports,13,21-35.
23. Meurling, C. N.,Ray, G. E.,LoBello, S. G.(1999).Children`s evaluations of classroom friend and classroom best friend relationships.Child Snide Journal,29,79-94.
24. Miller, A. L.,Olson, S. L.(1999).Emotional expressiveness during peer conflicts: A predictor of social maladjustment among high-risk preschoolers.ERIC Document Reproduction.
25. Morrill. C.,Yalda, C.,Adelman, M.,Musheno, M.,Bejarano. C.(2000).Telling tales in school: Youth culture and conflict narratives.Law & Society Review,34,521-566.
26. Phillipsen, L. C.(1999).Associations between age, gender and group acceptance and three components.Journal of Early Adolescence,19,438-465.
27. Pope. A. W.,Bierman. K. L.(1999).Predicting adolescent peer problems and antisocial activities: The relative roles of aggression and dysreguiation.Development Psychology,35,335-346.
28. Robin, A. L.,Foster, S. L.(1989).Negotiating parent-adolescent conflict: A behavioral family systems approach.New York:The Guilford Press.
29. Schonert-Reichl, K. A.(1999).Relations of peer acceptance friendship adjustment and social behavior to moral reasoning during early adolescence.Journal of Early Adolescence,19,249-280.
30. Stevens, J.(1986).Applied multivariate statistics for the social science.Hillsdale. N. J.:Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
31. Szyndrowski. D.(1999).The impact of domestic violence on adolescent aggression in the schools.Preventing School Failure,44,9-12.
32. Turan, S.,Taylor, C.(1997).Alternative dispute resolution: A different framework for conflict resolution in educational settings.ERIC Document Reproduction Service.
33. Willert, H. J.,Willert, R. F.(2000).An ignored antidote to school violence: Classrooms that reinforce positive social habits..American Secondary Education,29,27-33.
34. 內政統計通報
35. 最新少年兒童犯罪資料表
36. 李介至(1999)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。彰化師範大學教育研究所。
37. 晏函文(1998)。校園兩性關係。台北:幼獅。
38. 黃德祥(1994)。青少年發展與輔導。台北:五南。
39. 黃德祥、李介至(1999)。校園師生衝突及相關因素之研究。校園暴力之防制與輔導學術研討會
40. 趙志裕、康螢儀、鄭思雅、賀蓓(1998)。多元才能化IQ以外的能力。台北:心理。

1. 程景琳、許恩婷(2014)。中文版「青少年同儕衝突處理策略量表」之信效度檢驗。教育科學期刊，13(2)，55-74。
2. 黃開成(2019)。高職學生受凌學校因素之研究－身心障礙生與普通生做比較。犯罪學期刊，21(1)，100-138。
3. 黃毅志、黃銘福(2010)。影響台東縣國二學生心理幸福之因果機制：家庭社經地位與社會網絡何者重要。教育與社會研究，21，1-37。
4. 謝麗紅,廖偉舟(2021)。正向心理學運用於視障青少年團體諮商之方案設計。輔導季刊，57(4)，61-70。
5. 張志青,邱榮貞,方佩欣,孔建嘉(2023)。探討家長涉入團隊運作與親師溝通之關係：以排球運動為例。運動教練科學，70，21-32。
6. 趙淑珠、沈玉翎(2018)。親子關係、親子衝突因應策略與校園霸凌之相關研究。輔導與諮商學報，40(2)，57-84。
7. (2002)。重建新世代的師生倫理。學生輔導，82，30-39。
8. (2013)。同儕友誼發展與青少年偏差行為問題。社區發展季刊，142，273-282。
9. (2014)。數位影片案例教學對國小學童反霸凌知識、社交技巧及同理心之影響。市北教育學刊，47，47-74。