口吃成人內在與外在非詞複誦表現之比較

The Performances on Non-Word Repetition in Inner and Overt Speech Between Mandarin-Speaking Adults Who Do and Do Not Stutte

10.53106/207455832022120056001

林雅涵(Ia-Han Lin)；楊淑蘭(Shu-Lan Yang)

口吃 ； 內在言語 ； 外在言語 ； 非詞複誦 ； 音韻處理 ； stuttering ； inner speech ； overt speech ； nonword repetition ； phonological processing

特殊教育學報

56期（2022 / 12 / 01）

1 - 30

繁體中文;英文

本研究之目的在探討口吃成人與非口吃成人於內在與外在言語非詞複誦表現之差異情形。本研究以29位口吃成人和29位非口吃成人，共計58位為研究對象，以修訂中文口吃嚴重度評估工具──成人版，確認出口吃成人與非口吃成人，之後進行內在和外在言語非詞複誦作業，以獨立樣本t檢定和二因子混合設計變異數分析進行統計考驗，探討口吃成人與非口吃成人於內在與外在言語之非詞複誦的差異情形。本研究結果發現：口吃成人和非口吃成人於內在或外在言語下的非詞複誦反應時間、正確率和流暢度均達顯著差異，皆是口吃成人的表現較非口吃成人為差；在言語形式的表現上，不論口吃成人或非口吃成人，內在言語的非詞複誦流暢度均顯著高於外在言語，但在正確率表現上，兩組不論在內在語言或外在語言則無顯著差異。本研究的結論為，口吃成人於內在與外在言語非詞複誦的反應時間和正確率均不如非口吃成人，可能源自於口吃者的音韻處理困難；口吃成人的內、外在言語非詞複誦的流暢度皆較非口吃成人不佳，可能代表口吃者的言語不流暢於內在言語期間就發生了，而且可能與內外在短期音韻記憶不佳有關，但此仍需更精確的研究設計加以證實。最後，研究者提出有關未來研究的建議，以供之後的研究者參考。

This study aimed to make a comparison of the non-word repetition performances between inner and overt speech of the adults with and without stuttering (AWS and AWOS). The 29 pairs of AWS and AWOS were recruited by matching their ages, genders and education levels. All of the participants were assessed by the Revised Stuttering Severity Instrument-4 for Mandarin-Speaking Adults to determine whether they had stuttering or not. Then, both of the groups repeated the non-words in two speech conditions, inner and overt, separately. The three measures including response time (RT), accuracy ratio (AR) and disfluency ratio (DR) in the task of non-word repetition were recorded and t-tests and two-way mixed ANOVA were employed to examine whether the differences existed in the three measures between the two groups and between the two speech conditions. The results of this study showed that for both the inner and overt speech, the performances on the three measures (RT, AR and DR) in NWR of the AWS were significantly poorer than those of AWOS. Additionally, for both the groups, the DRs in NWR in the inner speech were significantly higher than those in the overt speech, but no significant difference existed in AR of NWR between the inner and overt speech. The results showed that AWS may have phonological processing difficulties so that they took more time and made more mistakes than AWOS. Also, the disfluencies of AWS might occur in inner speech before they spoke out bumpily.

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