Transitional Justice and the Hakka Society in Taiwan

轉型正義與臺灣客家社會

10.6712/JCPA.202406_(34).0002

Mei-Hsuan Huang(黃玫瑄)；Chien Yuan Tseng(曾建元)；Rong Jeo Chiu(邱榮舉)；Yip-Mei Loh(羅月美)

Transitional Justice ； February 28th Incident ； White Terror ； Hakka ； Political Prosecution ； Political Sufferer ； 轉型正義 ； 二二八事件 ； 白色恐怖 ； 客家 ； 政治迫害 ； 政治受難

中華行政學報

34期（2024 / 06 / 30）

15 - 36

英文;繁體中文

Political prosecutions such as the February 28th Incident and the White Terror were rampant in Post-war Taiwan during its prolonged transition from authoritarianism to a democratic regime. The long-term dominance of Taiwan by the KMT following the end of the Second World War resulted in a series of political cases that serious damaged human rights in Taiwan. In particular, President Chiang Kai-shek and his son, President Chiang Ching-kuo, imposed strict control over Taiwanese civil society by implementing the Temporary Provisions Effective During the Period of Communist Rebellion for 43 years and the Martial Law for 38 years. It was not until July 15th, 1987, when the Taiwan Martial Order was lifted that Taiwan started the process of transitional justice. Some acts have been implemented to compensate for those who have suffered from political prosecutions so far. With the transition of power from the KMT to the DPP, the Government of Taiwan strives for transitional justice and efforts to redress those who have been wronged. The purpose of this research is to understand how the KMT controlled Taiwan Hakka society by the White Terror ruling through Hakka social context. The question is whom the most representative sufferers among all political cases are involving Hakka people in the Post-war period. By combining the approaches of historical research and political science, this research analyzes the archival sources related to these issues and conducts interviews with relevant people. It discovers that few Hakka people were engaged in the February 28th Incident, However, more Hakka people were prosecuted during the subsequent White Terror.

戰後臺灣歷經了從威權向民主的緩慢轉型，二二八事件和白色恐怖下的政治迫害無所不在。第二次世界大戰結束後，臺灣為中國國民黨長期主政，致生一系列嚴重損害臺灣人權的政治案件。蔣中正總統和他的兒子蔣經國總統，通過長達43年的《動員戡亂時期臨時條款》和38年戒嚴令的實施，對臺灣的公民社會嚴格控制。直到1987年7月15日，臺灣解除戒嚴，臺灣才開始轉型正義的實現過程。迄今為止，已實施了多項法律以補賠償受政治迫害影響的人。隨著國家權力從國民黨轉移到民主進步黨，臺灣政府致力於轉型正義，並努力平反那些受到冤屈的人。這項研究的目的，是為了了解國民黨如何通過白色恐怖統治來控制臺灣客家社會。問題是，在戰後涉及客家人的所有政治案件中，誰是最具代表性的受難者。通過結合歷史研究和政治科學的方法，這項研究分析了與這些問題相關的檔案資料，並與相關人員進行了訪談。研究發現，少數客家人參與了二二八事件，然而，在隨後的白色恐怖中，有更多客家人受到迫害。