籃球比賽的動作與時間分析之探討

An Investigation for Time-Motion Analysis During Basketball Game Play

10.6406/JNCKUPER.202204_54(1).0007

劉雯芳(Wen-Fang Liu)；宋明律(Ming-Lu Sung)；林欣仕(Hsin-Shih Lin)

敏捷性 ； 運動表現 ； 身體素質 ； agility ； sport performance ； physical fitness

成大體育學刊

54卷1期（2022 / 04 / 01）

125 - 143

繁體中文

近年來的研究透過動作時間分析系統（motion-time analysis system, MTA）的使用，實際觀察籃球比賽的各項動作，分析籃球員的外在需求，如特定動作的發生率、持續時間、型態等，得到相當多實用的數據。然而，MTA的分析將因動作的定義不同而有數量或比例上的差異存在，先前的研究並未整理相關研究的動作定義，也未將動作持續時間以百分等級的比例分為低、中、高強度進行探討。因此，本研究整理相關文獻，針對此分析系統所得到的研究結果進行評論與建議，以期提供籃球教練、體能訓練師、運動防護員等相關資訊。本研究整理的文獻發現：一、改變動作的頻率每分鐘最高可以達到43至57次，選手所屬比賽層級越高，次數越高；二、50%以上的時間進行低強度動作；男子籃球員所屬比賽層級越高，其高強度動作所佔的比例越高；三、敏捷性是提升籃球比賽運動表現的重要因素。

In recent years, the studies were investigated by time-motion analysis system (MTA), which could provide crucial information regarding the occurrence, duration, and typology of sport-specific movements in basketball games. However, there were different in quantity and proportion of movement between the studies due to the different definition of movement. Furthermore, there were lack of definition and duration of movement in methodologies. Therefore, aims of this study was to classify and quantify the movement patterns, to help coaches in designing sound training programs The review suggested that: 1) the higher occurrence of changes of activity (43-57 times /min) observed in the elite basketball players with respect to counterpart during game play. 2) the 50% time of match play spent in low intensity movement; Playing level also influences the game demands imposed on basketball players with international or professional players performing greater high-intensity activity than national or semi-professional players in male basketball game. 3) the agility is considered to be the major component in game play.

1. Ben Abdelkrim, N.,Castagna, C.,El Fazaa, S.,El Ati, J.(2010).The effect of players' standard and tactical strategy on game demands in men's basketball.J Strength Cond Res,24(10),2652-2662.
2. Ben Abdelkrim, N.,Castagna, C.,Jabri, I.,Battikh, T.,El Fazaa, S.,El Ati, J.(2010).Activity profile and physiological requirements of junior elite basketball players in relation to aerobic-anaerobic fitness.J Strength Cond Res,24(9),2330-2342.
3. Conte, D.,Favero, T. G.,Lupo, C.,Francioni, F. M.,Capranica, L.,Tessitore, A.(2015).Timemotion analysis of Italian elite women's basketball games: individual and team analyses.J Strength Cond Res,29(1),144-150.
4. FIBA.basketball. (2021). FIBA WORLD RANKING PRESENTED BY NIKE. 2021/08/09. Retrieved from https://www.fiba.basketball/ranking
5. Harre, D.(1982).Principles of sports training: Introduction to the theory and methods of training.Imported Publication.
6. McInnes, S. E.,Carlson, J. S.,Jones, C. J.,McKenna, M. J.(1995).The physiological load imposed on basketball players during competition.J Sports Sci,13(5),387-397.
7. Oba, W.,Okuda, T.(2009).A cross-sectional comparative study of movement distances and speed of the players and a ball in basketball game.International Journal of Sport and Health Science
8. Sanders, G. J.,Boos, B.,Rhodes, J.,Kollock, R. O.,Peacock, C. A.(2021).Competition-Based Heart Rate, Training Load, and Time Played Above 85% Peak Heart Rate in NCAA Division I Women's Basketball.J Strength Cond Res,35(4),1095-1102.
9. Scanlan, A. T.,Dascombe, B. J.,Reaburn, P.,Dalbo, V. J.(2012).The physiological and activity demands experienced by Australian female basketball players during competition.J Sci Med Sport,15(4),341-347.
10. Scanlan, A. T.,Tucker, P. S.,Dascombe, B. J.,Berkelmans, D. M.,Hiskens, M. I.,Dalbo, V. J.(2015).Fluctuations in Activity Demands Across Game Quarters in Professional and Semiprofessional Male Basketball.J Strength Cond Res,29(11),3006-3015.
11. Stojanovic, E.,Stojiljkovic, N.,Scanlan, A. T.,Dalbo, V. J.,Berkelmans, D. M.,Milanovic, Z.(2018).The Activity Demands and Physiological Responses Encountered During Basketball Match-Play: A Systematic Review.Sports Med,48(1),111-135.
12. Ziv, G.,Lidor, R.(2009).Physical attributes, physiological characteristics, on-court performances and nutritional strategies of female and male basketball players.Sports Med,39(7),547-568.
13. 林正常(2011).運動生理學.台北市:師大書苑.
14. 林正常(1986).運動科學與訓練-運動訓練手冊.台北市:健行文化出版事業公司.
15. 林貴福,張正琪,蔡忠昌,呂香珠,洪偉欽,朱真儀,鄭景峰,李佳倫,郭堉圻,蔡櫻蘭(2017).運動生理學.台北市:禾楓書局有限公司.