王陽明的事功及其學養

Wang Yang-Ming's Achievements and His Moral Culture

10.6665/JLYIT.2009.8.107

吳春山(Chun-Shang Wu)

知行合一 ； 事上磨練 ； 誠意 ； 不動心 ； unity of knowing and doing ； discipline of actual affairs ； sincere thought ； serene mind

蘭陽學報

8期（2009 / 06 / 01）

107 - 114

繁體中文

王陽明歷經青年時期求知的一再挫折與中年時期現實生活的患難磨練，才體悟《大學》「格物致知」之旨，而建立了體用一貫、知行合一的良知學說，其後屢建軍功也印証了他的修身之學符合儒家的內聖外王之道。本文旨在探討陽明的事功與其學養之間的關聯因素，首先依據年代先後敘述陽明建立的三大軍功，接著進而探討軍功與其學養之間的關聯性，「事上磨練」的誠意工夫與「不動心」的學養造詣尤為其中顯明的關鍵因素；最後則考察王門傳承其學後所衍生的流弊，以作為吾人在探討陽明的修身之道時，能警覺其中隱藏的歧途。

Wang Yang-Ming has experienced frustrations frequently for seeking knowledge at youth and sufferings from actual life at middle age, then perceives intuitively the main point of Dashiue's phrase ”to investigate things and to extend knowledge to the utmost”, and founds his academic theory of unity in essence and action by unity of knowing and doing. The military achievements he made repeatedly afterward have also proved that his moral culture tallies with the idea of Internal Holy and External King of Confucius' school. This article intend to probe into related elements between his military achievements and moral culture. Firstly, we represent his three minitary achievements in chronological order, then get into finding out what relationship between his achievements and moral culture, the prime essentials among them should be his scholastic attainment of serene mind and discipline of actual affairs. Finally, we should inspect corrupt practices spreaded out by disciples of Yang-Ming School after inheriting his practical philosophy, that can awake us to avoid the hidden forked roads along with Yang-Ming's academic theory.