護理之家外籍照顧服務員之工作壓力及其相關因素之探討－以台中、彰化地區爲例

A Study on Work Stress and Its Related Factors for Foreign Nursing Aides in Nursing Homes around Taichung and Changhua Areas

10.7067/JMHIT.201003.0181

黃文毓(Wen-Yu Huang)；謝嫣娉(Yen-Ping Hsieh)

護理之家 ； 外籍照顧服務員 ； 工作壓力 ； Nursing homes ； Foreign nursing aides ； Work stress

美和技術學院學報

29卷1期（2010 / 03 / 01）

181 - 198

繁體中文

本研究目的爲探討護理之家外籍照顧服務員之工作壓力及其相關因素，採描述橫斷性研究設計，以調查研究法收集外籍照顧服務員自填問卷。樣本爲台中、彰化地區的護理之家，回收完整問卷101位。調查問卷含結構式問題與開放性問題，包括個人基本屬性、機構屬性、工作壓力量表，並經過專家效度檢測及修正。本問卷並經過前測予以修正後，方正式進入護理之家實行調查。回收問卷碼輸入電腦，經重複核對後，資料結果以5SPS10.0統計軟體進行分析，分析方法包括描述性統計與推論性統計等。 研究結果發現：(1)、護理之家外籍照顧服務員的工作壓力以「工作本身」壓力最大、「人際關係」次之、「工作環境」最小。影響工作壓力的因素包括「薪資」、「國籍」、「溝通能力」、「來台前接受照顧訓練」、「照顧住民時問」、「照顧住民人數」。(2)、護理之家外籍照顧服務員整體工作壓力之重要預測因素上，「薪資」、「國籍／菲律賓」、「照顧住民時問」、「來台前接受照顧訓練」，共可解釋外籍照顧服務員工作壓力34.0%之總變異量，又以「薪資」對其工作壓力有較大的影響力。 本研究建議政府可訂立相關法令保障外籍照顧服務員，並提高足夠之來台前照顧訓練及來台後在職教育訓練，以充實其專業知識。本研究結果可提供作爲相關產業、政府單位實施輔導、以及未來研究之參考。

The purpose of this research is to study work stress and its related factors for foreign nursing aides in nursing homes. The study adopted a descriptive cross-sectional research design as the research method to collect questionnaires filled out by foreign nursing aides. The subjects in the study were foreign nursing aides in nursing homes around the Taichung and Changhua areas. A total of 101 valid copies of questionnaires were returned. The questionnaire was comprised of closed questions and open questions, related to personal attributes, organizational attributes, and a work stress scale. Experts tested the questionnaire for validity and revised it. Further, the questionnaire was given a pre-test and revised prior to being used for the survey in nursing homes. The codes on returned questionnaires were entered into the computer and checked several times. The statistics software SSPS 10.0 was used to analyze the data. The analysis methods include descriptive statistics and inferential statistics. The research results reveal: (1) Foreign nursing aides have the greatest stress from ”the work itself”; the second greatest stress was from interpersonal relationships; the least cause of stress was from the work environment. Factors affecting work stress include wage, nationality, communication ability, nursing training before the job offer, the duration of nursing the residents, and the number of residents to provide care for. (2) 34.0% of the total variation of work stress of foreign nursing aides in nursing homes is induced by important predicable factors: wage, nationality (Philippines), duration of nursing the residents, and nursing training before the job offer. Among these factors, wage has greater influence on work stress. The research suggests that the government should establish regulations and rules to protect foreign nursing aides and provide sufficient nursing training before the job offer and on-the-job training to enrich their professional knowledge. The results of the research can provide reference for services and future studies of related enterprises or government units.

1. Lin, L. W.,Yeh, S. H.,Yang, L. C.,Yang, L. Y.,Tseng, C. H.,Yeh, M. L.(2003).Satisfaction of Nurse Aides With Pre-Job Training Programs.The Journal of Nursing Research,11(2),101-108.
   連結：
2. 行政院勞委會（2008）。臺閩地區外籍勞工在台人數按開放項目分。2009年2月20日取自http://statdb.cla.gov.tw/html/mon/211010.htm
3. 勞工安全衛生研究所（2001）。受僱者工作環境安全衛生狀況調查。2005年10月18日取自 http://www.iosh.gov.tw/netbook/stress/stress.htm
4. Aggarwal, B.,Pongruengphant, R.,Tyson, D. P.(2002).Coping with organizational stress among hospital nurses in Southern Ontario.International Journal of Nursing studies,39(4),453-459.
5. Bernice, K.,Karen, C.,Tempie, E.,Acarol, W.(2000).Mental health consultation in a nursing home.Clinical Nurse Specialist,14(6),261-266.
6. Castle, N. G.(2006).Measuring staff turnover in nursing home.The Gerontologist,46(2),210-219.
7. Castle, N. G.,Engberg, J.,Anderson, R.,Men, A.(2007).Job satisfaction of nurse aides in nursing homes: Intent to leave and turnover.The Gerontologist,47(2),193-204.
8. Chappell, N. L.,Novak, M.(1992).The Role of Support in Alleviating Stress Among Nursing Assistants.The Gerontologist,32(3),351-359.
9. Cherry, B.,Marshall-Gray, P.,Laurence, A.,Green, A.(2007).The Geriatric Training Academy: Innovative Education for Certified Nurse Aides and Charge Nurses.Journal of Gerontological Nursing,33(3),37-46.
10. Helmer, F. T.,Olson, S. F.,Heim, R. I.(1993).Strategies for nurse aides job Satisfaction.The Journal of Long-Term Care Administration,21(2),10-14.
11. Li, I. C.,Yin, T. J. C.(2005).Care needs of residents in community-based long-term care facilities in Taiwan.Journal of Clinical Nursing,14,711-718.
12. Montoro-Rodriguez, J.,Small, J. A.(2006).Role of conflict resolution styles on nursing staff morale, burnout, and job satisfaction in long- term care.Journal of Aging and Health,18(3),385-406.
13. Pennington, K.,Scott, J.,Magilry, K.(2003).The Role of Certified Nursing Assistants in nursing homes.The Journal of Nursing Administration,33(11),578-584.
14. Schaefer, J. A.,Moos, R. H.(1993).Relation ship task and system stressors in the health care workplace.Journal of Community & Applied Social Psychology,3,285-298.
15. Selye, H.(1956).The Stress of life.New York:McGraw-Hill.
16. Wu, L. Y.,Yin, T. J. C.,Li, I. C.(2005).The effectiveness of empowering in-service training programs for foreign nurse aides in community-based long-term care facilities.Public Health Nursing,22(2),147-155.
17. 杜敏世、陳敏雄、譚雪莉、李碧欗、張治安、王美鳳(2000)。護理之家照護成本之初探（Ⅱ）。長期照護雜誌，4(1)，35-47。
18. 林春只、曾明月(2005)。照顧服務員工作滿意度及其相關因素之探討。長期照護雜誌，9(4)，349-360。
19. 林梅香、黃慈心、徐秀琹、王寶鈺、李金英(2009)。原住民籍照顧服務員工作壓力源、工作生活品質、工作滿足感及其相關因素之研究。長庚護理，20(2)，180-191。
20. 林淑蔓(2000)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。台北，國立陽明大學社區護理研究所。
21. 林鈺軒(2005)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。台中，台中健康暨管理學院長期照護研究所。
22. 邱怡薇(2005)。掌中心的寶貝─養護中心看護工之照顧探討。神學與教會，30(1)，199-220。
23. 郭林瑋(2003)。老人養護機構運用外籍監護工之效益與困境。社區發展季刊，104，402-412。
24. 陳曼華、李世代、張宏哲、謝碧晴(2006)。照顧服務員留任意願因素之探討─以台北縣市長期照護之機構為例。新台北護理期刊，8(1)，69-77。
25. 勞工安全衛生研究所(1995)。,勞工安全衛生研究所。
26. 賀萍蘭(2005)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。台北，國立台北護理學院護理研究所。
27. 黃梓松(2004)。社會福利機構外籍監護工工作適應外在滿意之探討。社區發展季刊，106，376-382。

1. 卓宜陵(2017)。外籍看護工社會支持與憂鬱之相關性探討。中山醫學大學護理學系學位論文。2017。1-54。