聖俗辯證的體現－伊理亞德的宗教象徵體系之介紹

The Embodiment of the Dialectics between Sacred and Profane-An Introduction to Mircea Eliade's Religious Symbolism

10.6372/JEFLL.200506.0107

余秀敏(Hsiu-Min Yu)

莫西爾 ； 伊理亞德 ； 宗教現象學 ； 宗教象徵體系 ； 聖顯 ； 宗教經驗 ； Mircea Eliade ； religious phenomenology ； religious symbolism ； hierophany ； religious experience

教育暨外國語文學報

1期（2005 / 06 / 01）

107 - 127

繁體中文

本文旨在介紹西方當代最具影響力之宗教學者莫西爾。伊理亞德之宗教象徵體系。對伊理亞德來說，宗教象徵體系是透過世界各個宗教表達神聖經驗的各種象徵所精鍊出來的系統，每個宗教象徵都流露出神聖、也激發宗教人的神聖經驗，而且宗教象徵之間就像一大家子的家人一樣，緊密互動、相互依賴。因此，每當一個新的宗教象徵出現，我們就能將此象徵整合到整個宗教象徵體系中、找到此象徵應有的宗教意義。爲呈現伊氏的宗教象徵體系，本文首先概述伊氏的宗教現象學的思想基底，次而介紹聖顯經驗與宗教象徵之間的關連，藉以顯示超越性的神聖性如何透過世俗的物理的實體顯現出來，反過來說，宗教人又如何透過實物感知聖顯的經驗；最後，以蛇和月亮象徵體系的相互詮釋關係來舉例說明，伊氏的象徵體系如何將象徵整合到自己所提出的體系中，得到恰如其份的詮釋。

This paper intends to introduce the religious symbolism proposed by Mircea Eliade, one of the most influential complementary scholars in religious study. To Eliade, religious symbolism is constructed by extracting the essential meaning of sacred religious experience-hierophany, from the religious instances all over the world. Every religious symbol, revealing and inspiring hierophany, in the symbolism is associated with one another interactively and interdependently, like the relationship among the members in a big family. As it turns out, whenever a new religious symbol appears, it will be integrated into the whole symbolism to find its proper religious interpretation. To present how his religious symbolism functions, first, the matrix of Eliade's conceptions of religion, that is, religious phenomenology, will be briefly discussed, served as the background on which his religious symbolism roots; second, the interaction between sacred religious experience and religious symbols will be introduced to indicate how worldly physical symbols reveal transcendent religious meaning, and vice versa how homo religious exploits concrete symbols to embody his sacred experience; and finally the symbolisms of serpent and moon illustrate the way in which seemingly isolated symbols are integrated into and interpreted by Eliade's religious symbolism.

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