The Status of Metadata Application to the Tourism Industry in Taiwan

Metadata在臺灣觀光產業之應用現況探討

10.29801/THTJ.201007.0006

林俊銘(Chun-Min Lin)；林裕增(Yu-Tzeng Lin)；莊筱敏(Hsiao-Min Chuang)

詮釋資料 ； 觀光 ； Metadata ； information retrieval ； Tourism

臺灣觀光學報

7期（2010 / 07 / 01）

105 - 119

英文

觀光是近年來臺灣主要推動的產業項目。產業的發展過程當中，會產生許多的知識，知識累積到一定程度之後，就需要整合與分享。觀光產業的範圍含概多元領域，包括旅遊、飲食、文化、自然生態、法規制度等，這些知識隨著網際網路的發展，分散在網路上許多角落，如果能把這些隱藏在各領域的觀光相關知識進行適當的整合，讓專業人員能快速累積知識，讓旅遊人士能精準獲得觀光資訊，相信能對於觀光產業的發展有重要的幫助。 要整合領域知識，由圖書館界長久以來所發展的「主題編目」是一個重要的工具，主題編目在近代電腦資訊系統的普及之後，演變成爲Metadata的概念，目前許多知識領域都在建立Metadata，或者是選擇某些已經普及的Metadata來描述資料。例如臺灣於1998年成立「數位博物館專案計劃」，爲了支援博物館物件的描述，於是在中央研究院成立了「Metadata工作小組」，負責規劃包括語言、視覺資料、影音、檔案管理等不同領域的 Metadata相關標準。建立Metadata之後，所有同性質領域的知識產出都可以循標準的方式進行編目，也因此可以集合眾人的力量來產出具有共同檢索標準的知識體系。 觀光產業自然也可以採用相同的觀念來整理產業知識，以旅遊安排爲例。臺灣的節慶或展覽的資訊，可以在採用一致的metadata規範之下，建立全國性的依日期、主題、地點等的活動資訊，對於來臺旅遊人士的資訊檢索一定會有幫助。再以行程建議爲例。如果各旅行社的行程安排資訊都能採用一致的metadata規範，相信在行程資訊會因爲標準的建立，而提高被檢索率。 以往Metadata一直在用於圖書館、博物館、或數位保存，但是相信在觀光產業的應用上，將會有所助益。本文即在探討臺灣觀光產業目前應用Metadata的現況。文中將調查臺灣的政府部門目前對於Metadata的研究概況，也將探討與臺灣觀光產業目前對於Metadata的應用概況。並提出Metadata應用的構想與建議。

In the process of tourism industrial development, vast amount of knowledge will be produced. When knowledge accumulation reaches a certain level, knowledge integration and sharing will be needed. Multiple areas constitute tourism industry, such as catering, culture, ecology, and regulation, etc. Such great body of tourism-related knowledge is scattered and in need of proper integration to enable professionals to build up knowledge quickly, help travelers access to tourist information accurately, and benefit the entire tourism industry. Subject cataloging has long been developed and used by libraries to integrate domain knowledge. It has evolved into the concept of ”Metadata” after the popularization of computer information systems. Various fields of discipline are currently either setting up Metadata format or using Metadata to describe important information. In Taiwan, Academia Sinica established a Metadata Team in 1998 to assist description of museum objects. The same team takes responsibility for planning Metadata standards in fields such as language, visual data, audio and video files, and file management. The establishment of Metadata will create a standard to categorize information of all knowledge output in certain fields, and thus common search criteria of knowledge will result from collective work. The same concepts can be applied to tourism industry to organize industry-related knowledge. When a consistent classification of metadata parameters is adopted, tourist information of all kinds in Taiwan can be systematically organized. The retrieval of travel information will quicken and the retrieval rate of tour-related websites will therefore multiply. Metadata has been employed in libraries, museum, and digital data preservation so far. It is believed that tourism industry will also be benefitted from the application of Metadata. This paper aims to explore present status of application of Metadata in Taiwan. Current researches of Metadata in governmental agencies as well as in tourism industry will be reviewed. Future possible application of Metadata in tourism industry will be discussed and some suggestions made.

1. Yu, S. C.(2007).From Information Processing to the Essence of Metadata.Journal of Educational Media & Library Sciences,249-266.
   連結：
2. (2008).Library Development.
3. Wikipedia. (2010, 3 31). Metadata Standards. Retrieved 3 31, 2010, from Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metadata_standards
4. Dublin Core Metadata Initiative (2010). DC Background. Retrieved 3 15, 2010, from Dublin Core Metadata Initiative: http://dublincore.org/metadata-basics/
5. National Cheng Kung University. (2009). Please Add Metadata in the Web Pages. Retrieved 3 15, 2010, from National Cheng Kung University
6. Research, Development and Evaluation Commission, Executive Yuan. (2007). Circulation Interpretation and Classification Norms of Electronic Data in Government Departments. Taipei: Research, Development and Evaluation Commission, Executive Yuan..
7. Library of Congress. (2009, 3 9). MARC Development Overview. Retrieved 3 15, 2010, from The Library of Congress: http://www.loc.gov/marc/overview.html
8. Metadata Architecture and Application Team. (2008). The Brief Introduction of Metadata Standards. Taipei: Academia Sinica..
9. Directorate-General of Budget, Accounting and Statistics, Executive Yuan(2008).,Taipei:.
10. Hodge, G.(2005).Metadata for Electroic Information Resources: From Variety to Interoperability.Information Services & Use,23-45.
11. Shelley, E.,Johnson, B.(1995).Metadata: Concepts and Models.Proceedings of the Third National Conference on the Management of Geoscience Information and Data,Adelaide: