注意力缺陷過動症兒童反應時間測試方法之探討

Review of Test Method for Reaction Time of Children with ADHD

10.29632/CRYDSSSK.201006.0014

吳湘涵；何金山；詹元碩

反應時間 ； 注意力 ； 注意力缺陷過動症 ； Reaction time ； Attention ； ADHD

長榮運動休閒學刊

4期（2010 / 06 / 01）

118 - 125

繁體中文

反應時間會受動作控制、認知及注意力影響，在動作發展過程中，兒童透過個人、任務、環境等方面互動學習經驗，特殊族群動作控制能力，能貼切呈現運動技巧能力。一般反應測試採用簡單整體反應時間、選擇整體反應時間和辨別整體反應時間作為基準外，多加雙重任務評估注意力分配能力。然而對於特殊兒童反應能力測試會有所不同。本文將從缺乏注意力的注意力缺陷過動症兒童與一般正常兒童比較，並探討相關反應時間測試方法與相關反應時間文獻整理，給予ADHD兒童相關反應測試發展和評估方法。

Reaction time was affected by motor control, cognition and attention. Children learn experience by personal, task and environment during the process of motor development. The motor-control ability of the children with special needs can reflect ability of movement skills appropriately. Ability of attention allotment is based on the limited theory of attention distribution capacity. Simple total reaction time, choice total reaction time and discrimination total reaction time are used as indices. And dual task is used to assess attention distribution capacity. In this article, the differences between the children with attention deficit hyperactivity disease (ADHD) and normal children were investigated. To provide the children with ADFID the development and evaluation methods of reaction, the reaction-related literatures were reviewed.

1. 吳建霆、洪聰敏(2006)。反應時間快慢與腦波連貫性關條之研究。台灣運動心理學報，8，1-15。
   連結：
2. 劉昱志、劉士愷、商志雍、林健禾、杜長齡、高淑芬(2006)。注意力缺過動症中文版Swanson, Nolan, and Pelham, Version IV （SNAP-IV）量表之常模及信效度。台灣精神醫學會，20(4)，290-304。
   連結：
3. Banaschewski, T.,Besmens, F.,Zieger, H.,Rothenberger, A.(2001).Evaluatioin of sensorimotor training in children with ADHD.Percept motor skill,92(1),137-149.
4. Brodeur, D. A.,Pond, M.(2001).The development of selective attention in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology,29(3),229-239.
5. Huang-pollock, C. L.,Mikami, A. Y.,Pfiffner, L.,McBurnett, K.(2007).ADHD subtype differences in motivational responsivity but not inhibitory control: evidence form a reward-based variation of the stop signal paradigm.journal of chinical child and adolescent psychology,36(2),127-136.
6. Koshack, J.,Kunert, H. J.,Derichs, G.,Wengler, G.,Irle, E.(2003).impaired and enhanced attentional function in children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder.Psychological medicine,33,481-489.
7. Krupski, A.,Boyle, P. R.(1978).An observational analysis of children's behavior during a simple-reaction-time task: the role of attention.child development,49(2),340-347.
8. Leth-Steensen, C.,Ellbaz, Z. K.,Douglas, V. I.(2000).mean response times, variability and skew in the responding of ADHD children: a response time distributional approach.acta psychologica,104,167-190.
9. Pliszka, S. R.,McCracken, J. T.,Maas, J. W.(1996).Catecholamines in attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: Current perspectives.Journal of American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry,35(3),264-272.
10. Shumway-cook, A.,Woollacott, M.(2001).Motor Control : Theory and Practical Applicatioins.Baltimore:Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
11. Squire, L. R.,Kandle, E. R.(1999).Memory: from Mind to Molecules.New York:Scientific American Library.
12. Steger, J.,Inhof, K.,Coutts, E.,Gundelfinger, R.,Steinhausen, H.,Brandeis, D.(2001).Attentional and neuromotor deficits in ADHD.Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology,43,172-179.
13. Tripp, G.,Alsop, B.(2001).sensitivity to reward delay in children with attention deficit hyperacitivity disorder (ADHD).J Child Psychol,42(5),691-698.
14. Yan, J. H.,Thomas, J. R.(2002).arm movement control: difference between children with and without attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.research quarterly fot exercise and sports,73,10-18.
15. Zeeuw, P.,Aarnoudse-Moens, C.,Bijlhout, J.,Konig, C.,Uiterweer, A. P.,Alky, P.(2008).Inhibitory performace, response speed, intraindividual variability, and response accuracy in ADHD.J. AM. ACAD. Child adolesc. Psychiatry,47(7),808-816.
16. 尤怡凱(2008)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。屏東，國立屏東教育大學體育學系。
17. 汪志祥(2007)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。花蓮，國立花蓮教育大學體育教學碩士學位班。
18. 林建豪、陳全壽(2005)。九至十二歲學童手眼協調選擇反應能力之研究。中原學報，33(4)，753-760。
19. 洪儷瑜(1998)。ADHD學生的教育與輔導。台北市:心理。
20. 胡名霞(2006)。動作控制與動作學習。臺北縣:金名圖書。
21. 溫卓謀、林清和(1998)。不同年段與運動訓練有無之國小男童單純及選擇性反應時問之比較研究。中華民國體育協會體育學報，26，185-192。
22. 臧汝芬、吳光顯、劉秋平(2002)。臺灣某國小注意力不足過動兒童之盛行率。臺灣精神醫學，16，202-212。
23. 鄭芳玉(2006)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。桃園，長庚大學臨床行為科學研究所。
24. 鄭淑敏、林耀豐(2006)。性別差異下不同反應形式對整體反應時間之影響。屏東教大體育，10，533-540。
25. 戴尉珊、林耀豐(2003)。兒童動作發展之初探。屏師體育，7，104-113。
26. 蘇韋丞、林耀豐(2004)。運動項目差異下刺激與反應相容性及不同反應部位對反應時間之影響。屏師運動科學學刊，1，136-148。